学校教育,哲学探究的共同体和一种新的感性

David K Kennedy
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摘要

本文试图在社会、政治、经济、地缘政治、气候乃至全球危机加速的时刻,重建学校教育的角色。它认为学校是一个潜在的预示机构,一个进化的社会前沿,能够培养民主的社会特征,一种感性的形式,离开它,真正的政治民主是不可能的。正如赫伯特·马尔库塞(Herbert Marcuse)、理查德·哈特(Richard Hart)和安东尼奥·内格里(Antonio Negri)所提出的理论,“新感性”或“大众”的特点是更大的心理自由、个性、社会创造力和自治,包括一个“共同行动”的“奇点整体”。它暗示了一个具有重要的、生物的解放动力的人类主体,具有能够突破基于等级和统治的社会的物质和意识形态面纱的意识,并且在政治上与民主和社会无政府主义,或默里·布克金所说的“社群主义”联系在一起。本文确定了由这种形式的模态主体性告知的机构的三个主要特征,所有这些特征都基于学生与教师的对话:一个新兴的,基于项目的课程,全校各级社区的直接民主治理,以及社区哲学探究的常规实践,通过这种实践,我们将我们所依赖的概念问题化,以促进它们的持续重建。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
schooling, community of philosophical inquiry and a new sensibility
This paper seeks to reconstruct the role of schooling in a moment of accelerated social, political, economic, geo-political, climatic, indeed planetary crisis. It identifies the school as a potentially prefigurative institution, an evolutionary social frontier, capable of nurturing the democratic social character, a form of sensibility apart from which authentic political democracy is not possible. As theorized by Herbert Marcuse and Richard Hart and Antonio Negri, the “new sensibility” or “multitude”  is characterized by greater psychological freedom, individuality, social creativity and self-rule, comprising a “whole of singularities” that “acts in common”. It suggests a human subject with a vital, biological drive for liberation, with a consciousness capable of breaking through the material as well as ideological veil of a society based on hierarchy and domination, and is associated politically with democracy and social-anarchism, or what Murray Bookchin called “communalism”.  This paper identifies three main characteristics of an institution informed by this form of modal subjectivity, all of them based on student-teacher dialogue: an emergent, project-based curriculum, whole-school direct democratic governance on all levels of the community, and the regular practice of communal philosophical inquiry, through which we problematize the concepts we live by, in the interest of their ongoing reconstruction.
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