后真相时代?

Simona Modreanu
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引用次数: 2

摘要

这是年度词汇。《牛津词典》2016年年度词汇是后真相(post-truth),这个形容词被定义为“与客观事实对公众舆论的影响不如情感和个人信念的影响大的情况有关或表示这种情况”。这个概念本身已经存在了十多年,但在英国脱欧和美国总统大选的背景下,这个概念似乎出现的频率更高。事实上,后真相时代之所以出现,是因为几个影响我们如何理解周围世界的长周期趋势。这种现象被称为不可知论,即对文化导致的无知或怀疑的研究。我们曾经有真相和谎言。如今,我们有真理、谎言和一些可能是错误的陈述,但它们被认为太过温和,以至于不能被真正抛弃。我们宁愿使用委婉语,或者说“真相改进了”。政治正确把我们引向可笑的莫里埃尔式的模仿。例如,我们不再称说谎者为说谎者,而是称其为“道德受到挑战”的人,即“暂时无法获得真相”的人。这就是所谓的后真相。在后真相时代,真相与谎言、诚实与不诚实、虚构与非虚构之间的界限变得模糊。欺骗别人成了一种习惯,一种挑战,甚至是一种游戏。研究人员认为,目前我们每天都在说谎。全球化和万维网决定了我们生活中陌生人和熟人数量的重要增加,其结果之一是我们普遍感觉到,我们被告知的许多事情都是不可能的
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The Post-Truth Era ?
It was the word of the year. Oxford Dictionaries Word of the Year 2016 is post-truth – an adjective defined as “relating to or denoting circumstances in which objective facts are less influential in shaping public opinion than appeals to emotion and personal belief ”. The concept itself has been existing for more than a decade, but there seems to have been a higher frequency in the context of the Brexit and the presidential election in the United States. In fact, the post-truth era has emerged because of several long-cycle trends that affect how we make sense of the world around us. This phenomenon has a name agnotology, the study of culturally induced ignorance or doubt. We used to have truth versus lies. Nowadays we have truth, lies, and some sort of statements that might be false, but are considered too benign to be really discarded. We’d rather use euphemisms, or tell “the truth improved.” The political correctness lead us to a ridiculous molieresque mimicry. For instance, we no longer call a liar a liar, but an “ethically challenged” person, someone for whom “the truth is temporarily unavailable.” This is the so-called post-truth. In the post-truth era, frontiers are blurred between truth and lie, honesty and dishonesty, fiction and nonfiction. Deceiving others became a habit, a challenge, even a game. Researchers argue that we presently tell lies on a daily basis. Globalization and the World Wide Web determined an important raise in the volume of strangers and acquaintances in our lives rises, on of the results being a widespread sense that much of what we’re told can’t be
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