慢性阻塞性肺疾病的替代运动和呼吸干预:综述

Renae J McNamara, L. Spencer, Marita T Dale, Regina W M Leung, Z. McKeough
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引用次数: 9

摘要

运动训练和呼吸策略等干预措施是慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者肺部康复的组成部分;然而,传统的以健身房为基础的运动训练模式可能并不适合所有COPD患者,适应性呼吸策略可能有助于减轻呼吸困难,但目前的证据有限。肺部康复的吸收和完成率是次优的,因此需要考虑其他干预措施。本综述从系统综述、实验和观察性研究、临床试验登记和灰色文献等方面研究了当前关于替代运动和呼吸干预的科学证据。评估替代干预措施对运动能力和生活质量的影响,目的是指导制定增加训练吸收和完成的策略。系统评价表明,与不训练相比,太极、瑜伽、少量或无器械运动、水上运动、吸气肌训练和唱歌对运动能力和/或生活质量有积极影响,一些干预措施显示出与传统训练相当的结果。一些积极的结果已被证明在全身振动,单肢分割,北欧和下坡步行;然而,需要进一步的研究将这些干预措施与传统培训进行比较。最近研究的干预措施包括电子游戏、虚拟现实、跳舞和大笑;仍然需要对照研究来确定对患者预后的影响。虽然需要进一步的研究来比较替代运动和呼吸干预与传统运动训练,但迄今为止的结果是有希望的,这表明COPD患者将有更多的选择,这可能有助于提高训练的吸收和坚持。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Alternative Exercise and Breathing Interventions in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Critical Review
Interventions such as exercise training and breathing strategies are components of pulmonary rehabilitation for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD); however, the conventional mode of gym-based exercise training may not be optimal for all individuals with COPD, and adaptive breathing strategies may be beneficial in reducing dyspnoea, but the current evidence is limited. Uptake and completion rates of pulmonary rehabilitation are suboptimal, so alternative interventions need to be considered. This review examines the current scientific evidence on alternative exercise and breathing interventions from systematic reviews, experimental and observational studies, clinical trial registries, and grey literature. Alternative interventions are assessed for the effect on exercise capacity and quality of life with the aim of guiding the development of strategies to increase training uptake and completion. Systematic reviews of tai chi, yoga, minimal or no equipment exercise, water-based exercise, inspiratory muscle training, and singing demonstrated positive effects on exercise capacity and/or quality of life compared to no training, with some interventions demonstrating comparable outcomes to conventional training. Some positive outcomes have been demonstrated for whole-body vibration, single-limb partitioning, and Nordic and downhill walking; however, further research is required to compare these interventions to conventional training. The most recent interventions examined include exer-gaming, virtual reality, dancing, and laughing; controlled studies are still required to determine the effect on patient outcomes. Although further research is needed to compare alternative exercise and breathing interventions with conventional exercise training, results to date are promising, suggesting that people with COPD will have more options that may help to improve training uptake and adherence.
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