神经元特异性烯醇化酶作为帕金森病生物标志物的作用

Dutta Rajib
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引用次数: 0

摘要

帕金森病(PD)被认为是最常见的伴有运动障碍的神经退行性疾病。主要的运动症状是强直、震颤、运动不足/运动不足/运动迟缓和姿势不稳定。然而,在我们日常的临床实践中,我们往往会看到其他一些可能是运动性或非运动性的症状。非运动症状(NMS)非常常见且使人虚弱。PD的病理特征是黑质致密部(SNPc)多巴胺能神经元的缺失和未折叠或错误折叠的α -突触核蛋白的积累。在运动前期诊断PD是困难的。晚期诊断导致SNPc中多巴胺能神经元的大量丧失和疾病在大脑其他部位的扩散。这可能表现为需要多种药物治疗的全面症状,或者由于缺乏早期诊断工具和技术,甚至可能导致危及生命的状况。在可能预防的早期阶段,需要生物标志物来诊断PD。因此,我们看到研究人员对寻找针对该疾病的生物标志物非常感兴趣。生物标志物可以是临床的、基于图像的、遗传的和生化的。脑脊液(CSF)和血清标志物可能与疾病病理生理相关,具有重要意义。神经元特异性烯醇化酶(neural -specific enolase, NSE)是近年来备受关注的一类分子。本文的主要目的是强调NSE在预测PD患者神经退行性变和神经炎症中的作用,最终反映出PD患者脑细胞的损伤。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Role of neuron specific enolase as a biomarker in Parkinson’s disease
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is thought to be the most common neurodegenerative disease with movement disorder. The key motor symptoms are rigidity, tremor, akinesis/hypokinesia/bradykinesia, and postural instability. However, in our day-to-day clinical practice we tend to see several other symptoms which may be motor or non-motor. Non-motor symptoms (NMS) are quite common and debilitating. The pathological hallmarks of PD are loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNPc) and accumulation of unfolded or misfolded alpha-synuclein. Diagnosis of PD is difficult in the pre-motor stage. Late diagnosis renders a substantial loss of dopaminergic neurons in SNPc and spread of disease in other parts of the brain. This may manifest as either full blown symptoms requiring multiple medications or may even lead to life threatening condition due to lack of early diagnostic tools and techniques. Biomarkers are required to diagnose PD at a very early stage when prevention is possible. Hence, we see a lot of interest among researchers involved in finding a biomarker specific to the disease. Biomarkers may be clinical, image based, genetic, and biochemical. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum markers which may correlate with disease pathophysiology are of great significance. One such molecule which recently gained a lot of attention is neuron-specific enolase (NSE). The main aim of this paper is to highlight the role of NSE in predicting neurodegeneration and neuroinflammation ultimately reflecting damage of brain cells in PD.
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