Comparison of Three-dimensional Kinematic Changes of the Lower Extremity between the Two Different Braking Distances of Snowplow in Alpine Skiing

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare three-dimensional kinematic changes of the lower extremity between the two different braking distances during snowplow in alpine skiing. Method: Six alpine ski instructors (age: 25.3 ± 1.5 yr, height: 169.3 ± 2.9 cm, weight: 66.2 ± 5.9 kg, career: 4.2 ± 2.9 yr) participated in this study. Each skier was asked to perform snowplow on the two different braking distances (2 and 4 m). Results: Snowplow and edging angles (p = .006 and p = .005), ankle adduction and inversion (p = .033 and p = .002), knee extension (p = .003), and hip abduction and internal rotation (p = .043 and p = .006) were significantly greater in the 2 m than in the 4 m braking distance. Conclusion: Based on our results, we suggest that skiers should make greater snowplow and edging angles on the shorter braking distance. In this situation, ankle joint adduction/inversion angle and hip joint internal-rotation make greater snowplow angle, and hip joint abduction make greater edging angle. In addition, greater knee joint extension angle may lead to more posteriorly positioned center of mass.