Failure Resilience in Proliferated Low Earth Orbit Satellite Network Topologies

The vision of continuous network connectivity for users located anywhere on Earth is increasingly being enabled by satellite constellations with hundreds to thousands of satellites operating in low altitude orbits (typically somewhere between a few hundred and two thousand km). These constellations are often referred to as proliferated Low Earth Orbit (pLEO) constellations. Potential military use of such constellations would require a high degree of resilience against various types of failures. This paper examines how resilience to satellite failures in particular is affected by topology and topology management for a moderate-sized constellation of 360 low-earth-orbit satellites providing 2X-redundant global coverage. We present simulations quantifying the effects of two vs. four inter-satellite links (ISLs) per satellite, and of dynamic post-failure topology reconfiguration vs static topology management. Simulations show differences of 65–80 % in mission connectivity between 4- ISL topologies with dynamic topology reconfiguration and 2- ISL topologies with static topology using two different traffic scenarios.11DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A. Approved for public release. Distribution is unlimited. This material is based upon work supported by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency under Air Force Contract No. FA8702-15-D-0001. The views, opinions and/or findings expressed are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as representing the official views or policies of the Department of Defense or the U.S. Government