人力资本投资对劳动生产率的影响:来自马来西亚的证据

Suzillah Sidek, Hayat Khan
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摘要

教育的经济价值,就其对社会和私人回报的贡献而言(Psacharopoulos, 1994),激励个人和国家投资教育行业。人力资本投资的社会回报之一是生产力的提高,从而导致经济增长。本文主要研究人力资本投资对生产率的贡献。特别是,我们量化了2005年至2012年马来西亚不同教育水平对工业水平生产率增长的贡献。在我们的案例中,使用纵向数据的Arellano-Bond(1991)方法产生了有效和可靠的估计。我们发现,在总体水平上,初等、中等和高等教育水平对生产率的贡献都很重要。然而,更具体的行业分析表明,初等教育在生产性行业中没有发挥重要作用,而在低生产率行业中,初等教育与任何其他水平的教育一样重要。我们还研究了2007年国家高等教育战略计划(NHESP)政策在样本期内对生产率增长的影响,以及2009年由于制度变化而导致的后续政策变化。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
THE IMPACT OF HUMAN CAPITAL INVESTMENT TOWARDS LABOUR PRODUCTIVITY: EVIDENCE FROM MALAYSIA
The economic value of education, in terms of its contribution to social and private returns (Psacharopoulos, 1994), motivates individuals and countries to invest in the education industry. One of the social returns of human capital investment is an increase in productivity that leads to economic growth. This paper studies the contribution of human capital investment towards productivity. In particular, we quantify contribution of different levels of education to productivity growth at industry level in Malaysia during 2005 to 2012. The Arellano-Bond (1991) approach that uses the longitudinal data, produces efficient and reliable estimates in our case. We find that at aggregate level, primary, secondary, and tertiary education levels are all important in terms of its contribution to productivity. The more specific industry analysis however shows that primary education does not play a significant role in productive industries, whereas it is as important as any other level of education in low productive industries. We also study the impact of National Higher Education Strategic Plan (NHESP) 2007 policy during our sample period on productivity growth and subsequent policy change in 2009 due to change in the regime.
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