VIDEOLAPAROSCOPIC DIAGNOSTIC INTERVENTIONS IN THE OPTIMIZATION OF SURGICAL TACTICS IN PATIENTS WITH URGENT SURGICAL ABDOMINAL PATHOLOGY

Summary. The purpose of the study: to study the possibilities of video laparoscopy (VLS) in the diagnosis of urgent abdominal surgical pathology and to optimize surgical tactics. Material and methods. VLS was performed in 55 patients with urgent abdominal surgical pathology with an unclear diagnosis, accounting for 7 % of all operated patients. The results. Established nosological forms of urgent abdominal surgical pathology, complicated in 87.3 % of patients (peritonitis, infiltrate, abscess, obstruction, hemoperitoneum). Optimized surgical tactics by dividing patients into 2 groups. Group A — 58.2 % of patients preferred and performed various video laparoscopic operations (VLSO) without complications. 6.2 % of patients died. Group B included 41.8 % of patients who underwent conversion due to the impossibility of completing VLSO due to pathomorphological reasons (severe purulent processes with purulent complications, long-standing intestinal obstruction, the need for naso-intestinal incubation of the small intestine). Complications occurred in 30.4 % of patients. 8.7 % of patients died. Conclusions. Accurate VLS diagnosis of urgent abdominal surgical pathology made it possible to optimize surgical tactics and establish the advantages of low-traumatic VLSO over traditional ones.