A Visual Interpretation of the Haram Prohibition on Smoking and Vaping (1995 & 2015 Fatwa)

Through creative photography, this paper investigates the effectiveness of implementing visual alteration techniques and their potential to justify and convey the term Haram of smoking cigarettes and e-cigarettes, as mentioned in fatwas between 1995 and 2015. It demonstrates how creativity can be ingrained by incorporating the alteration technique in photography and bringing numerous perspectives and directions to the viewers. The study will describe the ethical considerations involved in employing the manipulation method in photography and will also look at its preconditions and outcomes. Making anti-smoking commercials that stress that smoking and vaping are forbidden in Islam might assist. Keywords: Visual Interpretation, Haram, Smoking, Vaping, Fatwa eISSN 2514-7528 ©2022. The Authors. Published for AMER & cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour StudiesCollege of Built Environment, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/jabs.v7i23.415