巴布劳·巴古尔短篇小说中性别与种姓的贫困解读

Kavita Patil
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摘要

在这篇研究论文中,我分析了马拉地文学中“性别”和“种姓”的制度化阅读方式的影响,参考了重要的达利特作家之一巴布劳·巴古尔(Baburao Bagul)、安东尼奥·葛兰西(Antonio Gramsci)的《监狱笔记》中的一些概念和论点、雅克·德里达(Jacques Derrida)的文章《人文科学话语中的结构、符号和游戏》、Aniket Jaaware的文章《贫困文学》和《实践种姓:关于触摸和不触摸》一书。巴布劳·巴古尔(Baburao Bagul)的短篇小说重新评估了20世纪60年代之前马拉地作家和评论家(主要是上层种姓)在文学中确立的性别和种姓的制度化阅读习惯。然而,其他达利特作家并没有冒险重新评估文学中性别和种姓的表现。在Aniket Jaaware提出“赤贫文学”的概念之前,对马拉地达利特文学的阅读/分析大多遵循制度化的文学消费方式。学术圈内外文学阅读的主导实践,甚至没有放过那些自称与霸权不同的学者。对性别和种姓的描述和分析大多基于身份政治。例如,由Krushna Kirwale博士编辑的马拉地语书《Samagra Lekhak: Baburao Bagul》(完整作家:Baburao Bagul)中的所有文章都提供了对Bagul故事的制度解读,包括其形式,内容和人物。我试图批判这些早期的作品和对Baburao Bagul故事的评论,并以贫困的方式重新阅读这些故事。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Destitutionalised Reading of Gender and Caste in Baburao Bagul’s Short Stories
In this research paper, I analyze the effects of institutionalised ways of reading ‘gender’ and ‘caste’ in Marathi literature with reference to Baburao Bagul, one of the important Dalit writers, short stories with the help of some notions and arguments from Antonio Gramsci’s Prison Notebooks, Jacques Derrida’s essay “Structure, Sign and Play in the Discourse of Human Sciences”, Aniket Jaaware’s essay “Destitute Literature” and the book Practicing Caste: On Touching and Not Touching. Baburao Bagul’s short stories re-valuated the established institutionalized reading practices of gender and caste in literature set by the Marathi writers and critics, mostly upper-caste, before the 1960s. However, other Dalit writers did not venture to re-valuate the representation of gender and caste in literature. Before the concept of ‘Destitute Literature’ was propounded by Aniket Jaaware, most of the reading/analysis of Marathi Dalit literature followed institutionalized ways of consumption of literature. The dominant practices of reading literature in academia as well as out of it did not spare even the scholars who claimed to be different from the hegemony. The descriptions and analysis of gender and caste were mostly on the grounds of identity politics. For example, all the essays in the Marathi book Samagra Lekhak: Baburao Bagul (Complete Writer: Baburao Bagul) edited by Dr. Krushna Kirwale offer the institutionalized readings of Bagul’s stories, their form, content, and the characters. I attempt to critique such earlier writings and criticism written on Baburao Bagul’s stories and re-read the stories in destitutionalised way.
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