PEV assisted Primary Frequency Control of a Wind Integrated Multi-Source Power System

Frequency stability is critical for resiliency and balanced operation of power systems. The growth of renewable based sources of generation pose challenges in maintaining frequency regulation of the system on account of reduced inertia. Coordinated control strategies need to be developed for renewable integrated power systems. A multi-source system consisting of thermal, gas and hydro sources integrated with wind generation is considered for analysis. Inertia available in the rotor of the Doubly Fed Induction Generator (DFIG) based wind turbine can be utilized for improving primary frequency support. The use of a Plug-in Electric Vehicle (PEV) for aiding the primary frequency control of a wind plant integrated two-area power system is also presented in this paper. Control parameters of the areas are optimized using the Differential Evolution algorithm. The system is examined to operate under 20% and 40% wind penetration levels, with and without support from the PEV. The frequency deviations, tie-line power variations, rotor speed variation of DFIG, and contribution of PEV for primary frequency control are investigated to validate the performance of the proposed system.