加密货币作为一种数字金融资产

K. Khavrova, T. V. Korenitsyna
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引用次数: 0

摘要

目标。本研究的目的是确定加密货币的本质,并证实它们是一种数字金融资产。采用综合与概括、比较与随机分析的方法,定义了加密货币的基本概念、主要类型,并证实了加密货币是一种数字金融资产。在研究术语“加密货币”的含义的过程中,它被解释为一种金融工具,一种全球支付、流通和投资手段,一种特定的资产,数字(虚拟)货币,以电子形式存在。加密货币是一种特殊类型的数字金融资产,其运作基于分散的发行和流通机制,是一种基于加密保护方法的复杂信息技术程序系统,它规范了所有者的身份识别并记录了其变化。主要类型的加密货币的特征被挑出来并给出,它们包括:比特币,光币,Pircoin, Neimcoin, Fezerkoin。还确定了目标函数的主要标准,其计算在加密货币中使用,如下:交易的必然性;任何人都有机会检验自己的有效性;计算的复杂性与预测的速度。考虑了加密货币价值的依赖因素。它们包括:网络因素(网络规模,其使用的广度作为衡量价格或消费者效用的标准);需求或效用;投资者注意了。每种加密货币的基础都是区块链。每笔交易的顺序由复杂的加密功能决定:每笔交易包括前一笔交易的电子签名哈希;交易以块收集,并通过构建默克尔树为头计算块中所有交易的哈希值;该块通过包含前一个块的哈希值的确认过程。确定了区块链的运行原理。它包括去中心化:链中没有服务器;整个区块链的工作由每个参与者支持;可靠性:过滤操作;哈希替换是不可能的;普适性:区块链在各个领域的应用;理论无穷:记录的无穷相加;透明度:无法更改数据,因为交易是在公共领域存储和呈现的。因此,加密货币是一种高风险和高度波动的金融资产工具,可以通过基于区块链技术的多样化来降低风险,提高盈利能力和与时俱进的愿望。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
CRYPTOCURRENCY AS A TYPE OF DIGITAL FINANCIAL ASSET
Objective. Theobjective of the study is to determine the essence of cryptocurrencies and substantiate them as a type of digital financial asset. Methods. Methods of synthesis and generalization, comparative and stochastic analysis are used to define the basic concepts of cryptocurrencies, their main types and substantiate cryptocurrencies as a type of digital financial asset. Results. In the process of studying the meaning of the term "cryptocurrency" it is explained as a financial instrument, a global means of payment, circulation and investment, a specific asset, digital (virtual) currency, which exists in electronic form. Cryptocurrency is a special type of digital financial assets, the operation of which is based on a decentralized mechanism of issuance and circulation and is a complex system of information technology procedures based on cryptographic protection methods that regulate the identification of owners and record the change. The characteristics of the main types of cryptocurrencies are singled out and given, which include: Bitcoin, Lightcoin, Pircoin, Neimcoin, Fezerkoin. It is also determined that the main criteria of target functions, the calculations of which are used in cryptocurrencies, are the following: the inevitability of transactions; opportunity for anyone to check their validity; the complexity of calculations with the predicted speed. The factors of dependence of the value of cryptocurrencies are considered. They include: network factor (network size, breadth of its use as a measure of price or utility for consumers); demand or utility; attention of investors. The basis of each of the cryptocurrencies is a blockchain. The sequence of each transaction is determined by complex cryptographic functions: each transaction includes an electronically signed hash of the previous transaction; transactions are collected in blocks, and the hash of all transactions of the block is calculated for the header by constructing a Merkel tree; the block goes through the confirmation procedure with the inclusion of the hash of the previous block. The principle of operation of the blockchain is determined. It includes decentralization: the absence of a server in the chain; the work of the whole blockchain is supported by each participant; reliability: filtering operations; hash substitution is not possible; universality: the use of blockchain in various fields; theoretical infinity: addition of records to infinity; transparency: the inability to change data because transactions are stored and presented in the public domain. Thus, cryptocurrency is a high-risk and highly volatile instrument of a financial asset that can reduce risk through diversification, increase profitability and the desire to keep up with the times, based on blockchain technology.
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