The family profile: a new self-report instrument for family assessment.

The Family Profile is a new self-report family assessment instrument that is grounded in family theory and designed following a construct validation approach to instrument design that integrated theoretical concepts with test construction and empirical analysis. Development consisted of three component phases: rational theoretical design, empirical structural analysis, and psychometric validation. The first theoretical design phase resulted in a 231-item instrument with 13 construct scales. Structural analysis data were collected from a pilot sample of 160 patients selected from 6 family practice clinics in urban, suburban, and rural locations. After revision based on item and scale analysis, a 129-item instrument was administered to a random sample of 876 patients from family practices throughout Minnesota. Responses were analyzed for item- and scale-distribution characteristics, item-scale and scale-scale correlations, correlation with social desirability, factor analysis to confirm or disconfirm the existence of the theoretical dimensions, internal consistency reliability, and test-retest reliability. This analysis reduced the instrument to 90 items from all 13 postulated constructs that cluster into 6 main factors--Family Concordance, Family Discordance, Marital Strength, Active Involvement, Religiosity, and Parental Leadership. The Family Profile is also temporally stable and free from social desirability bias. Validation (construct and criterion) and normative data studies of various populations are in progress.