Fractal dipole antennas based on Hilbert curves with different line-to-spacing ratio

In this paper, we demonstrate the influence of the line-to-spacing ratio of the Hilbert fractal antenna to its radiation characteristic. The proposed antennas realized using Hilbert fractal curves of the third order have been designed to operate at 2.45 GHz according IEEE 802.15.1 standard. Due to specific configuration of the Hilbert fractal curves and mutual coupling between fractal segments, the radiation patterns of the proposed antenna can be significantly changed by changing the line-to-spacing ratio of the Hilbert fractal radiators. The proposed antenna has been fabricated in Low Temperature Co-fired Ceramic (LTCC) technology. The measured result of the Hilbert dipole antenna confirmed its good impedance matching and return loss.