List of Figures

1 Common answer to the question, “What is decentralization?” XXVII 2 A better answer to the difference between centralized and decentralized The ideal centralized configuration is a directed tree/hierarchy. The ideal decentralized configuration is a complete, undirected graph XXVIII 3 Diverse structures can display centralized organization, but they always exhibit an ultimate position of authority, the leader or root of the tree XXVIII 4 Feudal control centralization; part of the Great Chain of Being XXIX 5 A complete graph with eight nodes versus simple tree with the same number of nodes but far fewer connections – stability versus efficiency XXX 6 Spectrum of location decentralization XXXI 7 Spectrum of power decentralization XXXII 8 Spectrum of protocol decentralization XXXIII 9 Spectrum of Judaic ideological adherence XXXIII 10 Extreme location decentralization XXXIV 11 Extreme location centralization XXXIV 0.1 Centralized hierarchy emerges from decentralized structure by prioritizing some connections over others XXXVII 0.2 Finalized centralized organization with completed hierarchy XXXVIII 1.1 Corporate org chart illustrates centralized hierarchy 4 1.2 Code of Urukagina. Louvre Museum AO 3278. Picture by Gary Lee Todd in public domain 8 2.1 Network effects. Created by Nathan Wood 45 2.2 Ethereum DApp stack. A DAO would consist of a network of users who are all running the same DApp on their personal devices, using IPFS and Bitmessage to communicate less securely, and the blockchain to securely finalize transactions 71 4.1 Prisoner’s Dilemma strategy combinations. Image by Chris Jensen and Greg Riestenberg 109 4.2 Reward matrix for basic Prisoner’s Dilemma game 109 4.3 SRDAO process governed by smart contract designed by DAO members, called by customers, who find the SC in the forum 122 6.1 Reputation is created when fees are collected, distributed according to work, and determines each member’s share of the fees 139 6.2 Feedback loop driving improved business. Judges develop and protect good business practices with continually improving smart contracts 140 7.1 The types of posts split according to whether the issues are contentious and whether the consequences are binding 158 9.1 2019 valuations of the top media corporations follow Zipf’s Law 207 9.2 The forum as a weighted directed acyclic graph (WDAG) 212 9.3 Elements of graphs 212 9.4 Weighting the references changes older posts’ values 213 9.5 Weighted references cascade value to older posts, increasing or decreasing their value. This enables review of past behavior, rewarding long-term contributions and guarding the DAO against gaming 214 10.1 The three axes of values: 1) communal cooperation vs. individual freedom, 2) bureaucratic transparency vs. personal privacy (information storage; what do we know, individually and communally), and 3) equity of necessities vs. meritocracy for nonessentials 220