塔林的亚历山大·涅夫斯基大教堂是爱沙尼亚的俄罗斯风格纪念碑

Alexander Bertash
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摘要

这篇文章专门介绍了19世纪末波罗的海最重要的教堂建筑——雷维尔(塔林)的圣祝福亚历山大·涅夫斯基王子大教堂。在19世纪末至20世纪初俄罗斯帝国的教堂建筑和亚历山大三世皇帝的政治进程(被称为俄罗斯化)的背景下,考虑了寺庙奉献的语义及其建筑和建造历史。在Revel Vyshgorod (Toompea)中心建造一座以中世纪德国建筑为主的俄罗斯帝国建筑的发起人是爱沙尼亚总督S.V.Shakhovskoy王子,通过他的热情,该建筑获得了全俄罗斯的意义。这座大教堂是前俄罗斯帝国疆界内莫斯科-雅罗斯拉夫尔风格最引人注目的作品之一,也是杰出的俄罗斯风格大师、建筑师M.T.普列奥布拉任斯基最重要的作品。大教堂从未遭到破坏,尽管在20世纪20年代至40年代曾试图关闭和重建,但在安全性和完整性方面仍然保留了独特的俄罗斯风格内部。它们使我们能够呈现20世纪早期大师的作品风格:a.n.n novoskoltsev, Abrosimovs;他们的大部分其他作品都在苏联反教会迫害期间被摧毁了。本文的主题与作者以前发表的关于爱沙尼亚Puhtitsa圣安息修道院和东正教教堂建筑的出版物有关。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Alexander Nevsky cathedral in Tallinn as a monument of Russian style in Estonia
The article is devoted to the most significant church building in the Baltics at the end of the 19th century - Cathedral of St. Blessed Prince Alexander Nevsky in Revel (Tallinn). The semantics of the dedication of the temple and its architectural and construction history are considered in the context of church architecture of the Russian Empire in the late 19th — early 20th century and the political course of Emperor Alexander III, known as Russification. The initiator of the construction of a declaratively Russian imperial structure in the center of Revel Vyshgorod (Toompea) with its predominant medieval German architecture was the Estonian governor, Prince S.V.Shakhovskoy, through whose zeal the construction acquired all-Russian significance. The cathedral is one of the most striking works of the Moscow-Yaroslavl version of the Russian style within the boundaries of the former Russian Empire and the most important in the work of the outstanding master of this style, architect M.T. Preobrazhensky. The cathedral, which has never been devastated, despite attempts to close and rebuild it in the 1920s-1940s, still preserves unique Russian-style interiors in terms of safety and integrity. They allow us to present the style of works known in the early twentieth century masters: A.N.Novoskoltsev, Abrosimovs; most of their other works were destroyed during the anti-church persecution in the USSR. The topic of the article is related to the author's previous publications about the architecture of the Puhtitsa Holy Dormition Monastery and Orthodox church building in Estonia.
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