社会交际剥夺条件下,在FSCCRR接受康复治疗的CVA后遗症患者的心理情绪障碍结构分析

Milena V. Martynova, Margorita V. Petrovskaya, M. Stern, A. Kulikov, Elena V. Milovanova, M. Petrova
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摘要

简介:FRCC ICMRR患者在急性脑血管事故(ACVA)、创伤性脑损伤(TBI)、脑部手术等“脑事故”后进行康复治疗。在2019冠状病毒病(20202021)大流行期间,由于医院禁止探视,患者的艰难处境更加困难。病人被迫在“隔离”的条件下孤独地呆上一个月或更长时间,远离家人和亲人。目的:了解新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)大流行导致住院时间长、与亲属沟通受限的患者焦虑、抑郁障碍的发生频率及严重程度。材料和方法:研究组包括在2019冠状病毒病大流行期间(2020年5月至2021年4月)住院的联邦重症监护医学和康复研究与临床中心(FRCC ICMRR)的132例患者;对照组由2019年接受FRCC ICMRR治疗的104名患者组成。通过对医学文献的研究,将患者分为两组:研究组21人,对照组24人,按性别、年龄、神经功能缺损严重程度(轻度和中度病变严重程度)、过程定位、社会活动标准分布相同。本研究采用以下方法:组织比较法;经验观察、对话、问卷;精神诊断方法-测试(ODS-2、HADS、STAI)、专家评估方法、数据处理的定性方法(按群体区分材料及其分析)。结果:住院压力和非自愿隔离使患者心理健康状况严重恶化,导致精神失调,常表现为焦虑抑郁型病理心理症状的发展:个人焦虑的发生频率增加了3倍;情境焦虑症状加重1.5倍,两组患者均未出现神经症。结论:为了减少非自愿隔离造成的心理-情绪压力的负面后果,防止形成社会压力障碍,有必要不仅在一个单独的机构,而且在全球一级开展一些活动。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Analysis of the structure of psycho-emotional disorders in patients with consequences of CVA who underwent rehabilitation at the FSCCRR in conditions of social and communicative deprivation
Introduction: Patients of FRCC ICMRR undergo rehabilitation after "cerebral accidents" of acute cerebrovascular accident (ACVA), Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI), brain surgery. During the pandemic COVID-19 (20202021), the hard situation of patients dealing with the disease is made more difficult by the visits ban in the hospital. Patients are forced to stay a month or more of loneliness, away from family and loved ones, in conditions of "isolation". Aims: Was to identify the frequency of occurrence and severity of anxiety and depressive disorders among patients caused by a long stay in the hospital, limited communication with relatives due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and methods: The study group consisted of 132 patients of the Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitation (FRCC ICMRR) who were hospitalized during the COVID-19 pandemic (from May 2020 to April 2021); the comparison group consisted of 104 patients who were treated in the FRCC ICMRR in 2019. After studying the medical documentation, 2 groups of patients were formed: the study group of 21 people and the comparison group of 24 people with an identical distribution by gender and age, by the severity of neurological deficit (mild and moderate severity of the lesion), localization of the process, criteria of social activity. The following methods were used in the study: organizational-comparative method; empirical-observation, conversation, questionnaire; psychodiagnostic methods-tests (ODS-2, HADS, STAI), the method of expert assessments, a qualitative method of data processing (differentiation of material by groups, its analysis). Results: The stress of hospitalisation and unvoluntary isolation makes patients mental health much worse, causes mental maladjustment, and often manifests itself in the development of anxiety-depressive pathopsychological symptoms: the frequency of occurrence of personal anxiety increased by 3 times; the severity of the symptoms of situational anxiety increased by 1.5 times, no cases of neurosis were detected among patients of both groups. Conclusions: To reduce the negative consequences of psycho-emotional stress from unvoluntary isolation, to prevent the formation of social-stress disorder, it is necessary to carry out a number of activities not only in a separate institution, but also at the global level.
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