An Historical View of Nursing and Polio

Poliomyelitis, a disease which required special nursing care for its victims, impacted many in the nursing profession prior to vaccine availability in 1955. This article describes polio transmission, and how polio research, funding, and treatment led to advances in nursing and changes in nurse’s role in the care of patients with polio. Prior to the advent of polio vaccines, effective, compassionate nursing care prevented the crippling effects of the disease. Historically, public health nurses often led the preparation to respond to outbreaks. Once polio vaccines became available, nurses shifted their efforts to vaccination clinics and care for patients with post-polio syndrome. Considerations for polio vaccination today may include parental fear and the need for appropriate education. The article explores the impact of nurses in the different phases of care for polio, such as combating epidemics; treating victims; providing education for the public; and helping to eradicate the disease.