{"title":"法律与正义观念","authors":"A. Sen","doi":"10.18422/73-02","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"The social contract approach concentrates on identifying perfectly just social arrangements, taking the characterization of \"just institutions,\" along with compliant human behaviour, to be the principal - and often the only identified - task of the theory of justice. Rather than following the contractarian tradition of beginning the exercise by asking what is perfect justice, or what principles should govern the choice of perfectly just institutions for the society, Amartya Sen here argues for asking about the identification of clear cases of injustice on which agreement could emerge on the basis of public reasoning (even in the absence of an agreement on the nature of \"perfect justice\"). In arguing, for example, for the abolition of slavery, as the Marquis the Condorcet, Adam Smith and Mary Wollstonecraft all did, they did not have to seek an agreement on the nature of the perfectly just society, or the characteristics of ideally just social institutions. That is, agreement can be reached on the manifest injustice of particular institutions and behaviour patterns even without having the same view of an ideally just society, or of perfectly just institutions.","PeriodicalId":221210,"journal":{"name":"New American Studies Journal","volume":"79 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2022-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Law and Ideas of Justice\",\"authors\":\"A. Sen\",\"doi\":\"10.18422/73-02\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"The social contract approach concentrates on identifying perfectly just social arrangements, taking the characterization of \\\"just institutions,\\\" along with compliant human behaviour, to be the principal - and often the only identified - task of the theory of justice. Rather than following the contractarian tradition of beginning the exercise by asking what is perfect justice, or what principles should govern the choice of perfectly just institutions for the society, Amartya Sen here argues for asking about the identification of clear cases of injustice on which agreement could emerge on the basis of public reasoning (even in the absence of an agreement on the nature of \\\"perfect justice\\\"). In arguing, for example, for the abolition of slavery, as the Marquis the Condorcet, Adam Smith and Mary Wollstonecraft all did, they did not have to seek an agreement on the nature of the perfectly just society, or the characteristics of ideally just social institutions. That is, agreement can be reached on the manifest injustice of particular institutions and behaviour patterns even without having the same view of an ideally just society, or of perfectly just institutions.\",\"PeriodicalId\":221210,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"New American Studies Journal\",\"volume\":\"79 1\",\"pages\":\"0\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2022-12-22\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"New American Studies Journal\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.18422/73-02\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"\",\"JCRName\":\"\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"New American Studies Journal","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.18422/73-02","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
摘要
社会契约方法集中于确定完全公正的社会安排,将“公正制度”的特征,以及顺从的人类行为,作为正义理论的主要任务,而且往往是唯一确定的任务。阿马蒂亚·森(Amartya Sen)在这里主张,与其遵循契约主义的传统,以询问什么是完美的正义,或者什么原则应该支配社会对完美正义制度的选择来开始实践,不如询问明确的不公正案例的识别,这些案例可以在公共推理的基础上达成一致(即使在没有就“完美正义”的本质达成一致的情况下)。例如,孔多塞侯爵(Marquis the Condorcet)、亚当·斯密(Adam Smith)和玛丽·沃斯通克拉夫特(Mary Wollstonecraft)都主张废除奴隶制,他们不必就完美公正社会的性质或理想公正社会制度的特征寻求共识。也就是说,即使对理想的公正社会或完全公正的制度没有相同的看法,也可以就特定制度和行为模式的明显不公正达成一致意见。
The social contract approach concentrates on identifying perfectly just social arrangements, taking the characterization of "just institutions," along with compliant human behaviour, to be the principal - and often the only identified - task of the theory of justice. Rather than following the contractarian tradition of beginning the exercise by asking what is perfect justice, or what principles should govern the choice of perfectly just institutions for the society, Amartya Sen here argues for asking about the identification of clear cases of injustice on which agreement could emerge on the basis of public reasoning (even in the absence of an agreement on the nature of "perfect justice"). In arguing, for example, for the abolition of slavery, as the Marquis the Condorcet, Adam Smith and Mary Wollstonecraft all did, they did not have to seek an agreement on the nature of the perfectly just society, or the characteristics of ideally just social institutions. That is, agreement can be reached on the manifest injustice of particular institutions and behaviour patterns even without having the same view of an ideally just society, or of perfectly just institutions.