A multi-axis space coordinate system calibration method for composite line laser measuring systems using non-feature planes and multi-angle spheres

For Line-Laser sensor products that CCD images are unknown, we present a method for the calibration of Line-Laser sensor measurement system using multi-directional and non-featured planes, and a method for system calibration optimization using multi-angle standard spheres. By building a mathematical model, we convert the line laser sensor measurement data into CMM measurement points. According to the constraint relationships of planes or spheres, the point measured by the Line-Laser sensor and the CMM should conform to the same equation, then we can solve the calibration matrix of the line laser sensor and the coordinate measuring machine by nonlinear optimization. Both simulation analyses and real experiments were conducted. A line laser sensor was used to measure a frosted standard ball with a radius of 12.696 mm. The radius deviation measured by the line laser sensor system and the center deviation of the sphere comparing with the CMM were observed. The experimental results show that the radius deviation of the calibration laser sensor measurement system is less than 0.02mm, and the center distance deviation of the sphere is less than 0.02mm. This method utilizing non-featured planes simplifies the calibration equipment and can reduce the fitting error when using standard ball from multiple angles for calibration. This method is different from the method of calibrating the single direction of the laser sensor. It can simultaneously calibrate the rotation matrix and translation matrix of the two-dimensional line laser sensor to the coordinate measuring machine, and optimize the global optimal calibration parameters.