糖尿病母亲的新生儿先天性心脏缺陷的频谱

Pediomaternal Nursing Journal Pub Date : 2023-08-31 DOI:10.20473/pmnj.v9i2.39020

Abdul Sharifi, Khesrow Ekram, W. Wali

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引用次数: 0

摘要

母亲的胰岛素依赖型糖尿病(IDDM)被认为是先天性畸形(包括先天性心脏病)的危险因素。许多研究表明，患有胰岛素依赖型糖尿病的母亲所生的新生儿患先天性心脏病的频率增加了五到六倍。本研究旨在确定胰岛素依赖型糖尿病(IDDM)母亲所生新生儿的先天性心脏病(CHDs)谱。方法:2019年4月至2021年3月，在喀布尔医科大学Maiwand教学医院对120名患有胰岛素依赖型糖尿病(IDDM)母亲的连续0-28天新生儿进行了描述性横断面研究。非糖尿病母亲所生的新生儿被排除在外。IDDM是指母亲入院时使用胰岛素控制血糖。冠心病包括影响心脏功能的各种心脏缺陷。他们注意到了家庭和母亲的历史，重点是健康问题和分娩细节。新生儿母亲的年龄从23岁到45岁不等(平均33岁)，糖尿病发病时间为2.5至25年。儿科心脏病专家进行了身体和超声心动图检查。使用二维超声心动图和多普勒研究(Sono Ace X-6机器)记录所有冠心病形式。结果:在为期两年的研究期间，对120例胰岛素依赖型糖尿病(iddm)母亲所生的新生儿进行了连续调查。其中18例(15%)有先天性心脏异常。在iddm出生的18名婴儿中，单发和多发冠心病的患病率分别为66.6%(12例)和33.3%(6例)。最常见的孤立性缺损是PDA(22.2%)和室间隔缺损(16.6%)。最常见的多发性冠心病是PDA和ASD(16.6%)。PDA + ASD(16.6%)和VSD + PDA与冠心病的相关性最高(11.1%)。结论:母体胰岛素依赖型糖尿病是先天性心脏病的重要危险因素。在这一高危人群中，仔细评估和早期诊断冠心病是非常重要的。在患有胰岛素依赖型糖尿病的母亲中扩大CHDs产前筛查项目是必要的。关键词:先天性心脏病;糖尿病的母亲;胰岛素的依赖;新生儿

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The spectrum of congenital heart defects in neonates of diabetic mothers

Introduction: Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in a mother is considered a risk factor for congenital malformation, including congenital heart diseases. Many studies signify a five to six times increased frequency of congenital heart diseases in neonates born from insulin-dependent diabetic mothers. This study aimed to identify the spectrum of congenital heart diseases (CHDs) in neonates born from insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) mothers. Methods: Between April 2019 and March 2021, a descriptive cross-sectional study involved 120 consecutive neonates aged 0-28 days of mothers with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) at Maiwand Teaching Hospital, Kabul University of Medical Sciences. Neonates born to non-diabetic mothers were excluded. IDDM refers to mothers using Insulin upon admission to control blood glucose. CHD encompasses various heart defects affecting function. Family and maternal history were noted, focusing on health issues and delivery details. Neonatal mothers' ages ranged from 23 to 45 (mean 33), with diabetes onset spanning 2.5 to 25 years. Pediatric cardiologists conducted physical and echocardiographic exams. All CHD forms were documented using 2D echocardiography and Doppler studies (Sono Ace X-6 Machine). Result: 120 consecutive neonates born to mothers with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDMs) were investigated during the two-year study period. Of them, 18 (15%) had congenital heart abnormalities. The prevalence of solitary and multiple CHD was 66.6 percent (12 patients) and 33.3 percent (6 patients) in the 18 infants born from IDDMs. The most prevalent isolated defects were PDA (22.2%) and Ventricular septal defect (16.6%). The most common multiple CHDs (16.6 percent) were PDA and ASD. PDA + ASD (16.6%) and VSD + PDA were the most frequent correlations with CHD (11.1 percent). Conclusion: Maternal insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus is an important risk factor for congenital heart disease. Careful assessment and early diagnosis of CHD in this high-risk group are very important in a pediatric population. Expansion of prenatal screening programs for CHDs in mothers suffering from insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus is necessary. Keywords: congenital heart diseases; diabetic mothers; insulin dependent; neonates

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Pediomaternal Nursing Journal

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