Securing E-Passport Management Using Private-Permissioned Blockchain and IPFS

To travel globally, a passport is the only official travel document that authenticates the holder's identity and citizenship which is provided by the government. Digital passports provide adamant verification through documentation that tangibly marks the passport owner using biometric techniques because it holds an electronic chip into the passport, also known as an e-passport. The biometric method uses a combination of RFID and fingerprint scanning technology. Notwithstanding, RFID chips have numerous security threats as the information confidentiality can easily be hacked and it is not entirely hassle-free. To get rid of these challenges as a potential remedy, in this paper we propose Hyperledger to secure e-passport management, which in contrast to the public blockchain, is an open-source private blockchain with strong security. When compared to the standard blockchain development framework, the legitimacy of transactions in a private blockchain powered by Hyperledger is substantially distinct, which is enable more effective and quicker transactions while maintaining essential security features. The InterPlanetary File System (IPFS), which has diverse security measures like access control features, non-modifiable data, and immutable history records, and this private ledger have both been used to safeguard private passport information and biometric data.