Características de los casos incidentes de cáncer de próstata en los últimos 5 años en un hospital de tercer nivel en México

Background

In 2008 in Mexico, prostate cancer (CaP) held first place as cause of death due to malignant tumors in men.

Objectives

To describe the clinical and pathologic characteristics of the incident cases of CaP and their treatment.

Material and methods

A descriptive analysis of the new hospital cases of CaP within the time frame of 2010 to 2014 was conducted.

Results

A total of 238 cases were documented, of which 128 (53.8%) were localized disease, 32 (13.4%) were locally advanced disease, and 78 (32.8%) were metastatic disease. The mean age of disease presentation was 66.7 years (SD ± 8.8). The diagnostic methods employed were prostate biopsy in 208 (87.4%) cases, transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) in 5 (2.1%), lymph node biopsy in 18 (7.6%), and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) plus digital rectal examination in 18 (7.6%). Mean PSA levels were 16 ng/ml in localized disease, 15.7 ng/ml in locally advanced disease, and 389 ng/ml in metastatic disease. The surgical procedures in relation to the cancer were radical prostatectomy (RP) in 153 (64.3%) patients, de-obstructing prostate resection in 12 (5%), and orchiectomy in 11 (4.6%). The main oncologic medical treatment in accordance with CaP extension was androgen deprivation therapy for metastatic disease in 93.6% of the cases, radiotherapy in 62.5% of the cases of locally advanced disease, and chemotherapy in 17.9% of the cases of metastatic disease.

Discussion

The results suggest the need to implement strategies that enable early identification of this pathology.

Conclusions

More than half of the men diagnosed with CaP at a tertiary care hospital in Mexico had localized disease and more than 60% had high-grade tumors.