牛粪和木屑堆肥改善土壤理化生化特性,提高番茄产量和营养品质的研究

Lekini Bela Jean Gérard, Dakole Daboy Charles, Molemb Nemeté Aristide, Okala Bouillong Noelly Manuela, Fonkoua Martin, Nguefack Julienne
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引用次数: 0

摘要

研究了以牛粪和锯末为基料的堆肥对番茄产量和营养品质的影响。将不同组分按25/75、50/50、75/25和100/0的质量/质量比例混合制备堆肥。盆栽番茄试验装置采用完全随机的随机区组,重复5次,每种品种堆肥/土壤质量/质量比例分别为5%、10%和15%。评价了堆肥和改良土壤的理化、生物学和生化参数,以及果实的产量和营养品质。C3型堆肥pH最高(9.88±0.01);C4碳氮比最高(21.45±0.42);C2的氮、磷、镁、钙、钾、钠含量最高,细菌和真菌菌群以及纤维素酶、蛋白酶、β-葡萄糖苷酶、酸性和碱性磷酸酶活性最高。对改良土壤的分析表明:C2(15%)的ph值最高,C1(10%)的C/N比最高(42.12±3.98),C3(15%)的氮、镁离子和钙含量最高。C4(15%)钾、钠含量最高。堆肥显著提高了番茄产量。C2(15%)堆肥产量最高,可产果154±3.00个,是化肥(15.00±1.00个)的10倍。生物番茄的灰分、总糖、番茄红素、维生素C和多酚含量均高于化学番茄。结果表明,有机处理改善了土壤的理化、生物和生化特性,提高了番茄的产量和营养品质。因此,堆肥是可持续农业的一种有效方法。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Compost Made from Cow Dung and Sawdust Improves the Physicochemical and Biochemical Properties of the Soil, the Production and the Nutritional Quality of Tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.)
The effect of a compost based on cow dung and sawdust on the production and nutritional quality of tomatoes was evaluated. The compost was prepared by mixing the different constituents in variable mass/mass proportions: 25/75, 50/50, 75/25 and 100/0. The experimental device for growing tomatoes in pots was made in completely randomized random blocks with 5 repetitions, and 3 compost/soil mass/mass proportions (5%, 10% and 15%) for each variant. The physicochemical, biological and biochemical parameters of the compost and amended soils, the production and the nutritional quality of the fruits were evaluated. The C3 variant of compost showed the highest pH (9.88 ± 0.01); C4 presented the highest C/N ratio (21.45 ± 0.42); C2 showed the highest contents of nitrogen, phosphorus, magnesium, calcium, potassium, and sodium, the highest values of bacterial and fungal flora and cellulase, protease, β-glucosidase, acid and alkaline phosphatase activities. Analysis of amended soils showed that: C2 (15%) has the highest pH. C1 (10%) presented the highest C/N ratio (42.12 ± 3.98) and C3 (15%)  the highest contents of nitrogen, magnesium ions and calcium. C4 (15%) presented the highest potassium and sodium content. The compost significantly improved tomato production.    The C2 (15%) compost was the most productive with 154 ± 3.00 fruits, 10 times more than the tomato produced with chemical fertilizer (15.00 ± 1.00 fruits). The Biological tomato showed higher proportions of ash, total sugars, lycopene, vitamin C and polyphenols than the chemical tomato. The results show that the organic treatment improved the physicochemical, biological and biochemical properties of the soil, the production and the nutritional quality of the tomato. The compost constitutes therefore an efficient method for sustainable agriculture.
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