{"title":"炸药和推进剂","authors":"J. Akhavan","doi":"10.1002/0471238961.0524161212091404.A01.PUB2","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Explosives and propellants are chemical compounds that undergo chemical decomposition reactions at very fast speeds, producing gaseous products, and a great deal of heat. In some circumstances a blast wave can be produced. The information provided here gives an introduction to this process covering the theory of detonation and deflagration. Explosives can be divided into three classes, (1) primary explosives, (2) secondary explosives, and (3) propellants. The behavior and performance of these three classes of explosives is discussed. Physical and chemical data on primary and secondary explosives is given together with details of new high temperature explosives. Lastly future developments in explosives technology are presented with regards to enhancing the performance, insensitive munitions and demilitarization. \n \n \nKeywords: \n \nexplosives; \npropellants; \ndetonation; \ndeflagration; \nexplosive materials; \ninsensitive munitions; \npollution prevention; \nenergetic polymers; \nenergetic plasticizers","PeriodicalId":131749,"journal":{"name":"Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2004-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"10","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Explosives and Propellants\",\"authors\":\"J. Akhavan\",\"doi\":\"10.1002/0471238961.0524161212091404.A01.PUB2\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"Explosives and propellants are chemical compounds that undergo chemical decomposition reactions at very fast speeds, producing gaseous products, and a great deal of heat. In some circumstances a blast wave can be produced. The information provided here gives an introduction to this process covering the theory of detonation and deflagration. Explosives can be divided into three classes, (1) primary explosives, (2) secondary explosives, and (3) propellants. The behavior and performance of these three classes of explosives is discussed. Physical and chemical data on primary and secondary explosives is given together with details of new high temperature explosives. Lastly future developments in explosives technology are presented with regards to enhancing the performance, insensitive munitions and demilitarization. \\n \\n \\nKeywords: \\n \\nexplosives; \\npropellants; \\ndetonation; \\ndeflagration; \\nexplosive materials; \\ninsensitive munitions; \\npollution prevention; \\nenergetic polymers; \\nenergetic plasticizers\",\"PeriodicalId\":131749,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology\",\"volume\":\"17 1\",\"pages\":\"0\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2004-09-17\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"10\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1002/0471238961.0524161212091404.A01.PUB2\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"\",\"JCRName\":\"\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1002/0471238961.0524161212091404.A01.PUB2","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
Explosives and propellants are chemical compounds that undergo chemical decomposition reactions at very fast speeds, producing gaseous products, and a great deal of heat. In some circumstances a blast wave can be produced. The information provided here gives an introduction to this process covering the theory of detonation and deflagration. Explosives can be divided into three classes, (1) primary explosives, (2) secondary explosives, and (3) propellants. The behavior and performance of these three classes of explosives is discussed. Physical and chemical data on primary and secondary explosives is given together with details of new high temperature explosives. Lastly future developments in explosives technology are presented with regards to enhancing the performance, insensitive munitions and demilitarization.
Keywords:
explosives;
propellants;
detonation;
deflagration;
explosive materials;
insensitive munitions;
pollution prevention;
energetic polymers;
energetic plasticizers
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