阿斯特拉罕地区糖尿病人群中糖尿病视网膜病变的患病率

Mekher Skandrani, L. Ramazanova, Khazem Alui, R. Shamratov, Mariya Ploskonos
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摘要

本研究的目的:分析阿斯特拉罕市成人糖尿病视网膜病变患者的检查和治疗资料。材料和方法。对2022年1 - 8月在亚历山大-马林斯基地区临床医院眼科和内分泌科就诊的1111例1型和2型糖尿病患者的病历进行分析。所有患者均采用标准的临床、实验室和器械检查方法进行检查。研究的结果。根据我们的数据,近年来,糖尿病在阿斯特拉罕成年人口中的发病率增加了一倍多。1111例患者中,185例诊断为1型糖尿病(16.7%),其余926例诊断为2型糖尿病(83.3%)。185例1型糖尿病患者中有77例(41.6%)确诊为糖尿病视网膜病变,926例2型糖尿病患者中有665例(71.8%)确诊为不同程度的糖尿病视网膜病变。因此,在糖尿病发病率增加的背景下,阿斯特拉罕成年人群中糖尿病视网膜病变的发病率有降低的趋势,这不仅可以解释为经视网膜激光光凝和玻璃体切除术的广泛使用,还可以解释为监测血糖、高血压和血脂的新方法。结论。糖尿病视网膜病变是1型和2型糖尿病的高度特异性血管并发症。视网膜病变的患病率与糖尿病病程密切相关。糖尿病20年后,几乎所有的1型糖尿病患者和超过60%的2型糖尿病患者都有一定程度的视网膜病变。糖尿病视网膜病变的最佳筛查方法是由眼科医生进行扩展眼科检查。现代眼科诊断和治疗方法可以预防或延缓糖尿病视网膜病变的发病,并预防相当一部分糖尿病患者的视力丧失。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
PREVALENCE OF DIABETIC RETINOPATHY IN THE POPULATION OF PEOPLE WITH DIABETES IN ASTRAKHAN
The purpose of the study: analysis of examination and treatment data of patients with diabetic reti-nopathy in the adult population of the city of Astrakhan. Materials and methods. The medical records of 1111 patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus who were treated in the ophthalmological and endocrinological departments of the Aleksandro-Mariinsky Regional Clinical Hospital from January to August 2022 were studied. All patients were examined using standard clinical, laboratory, and instru-mental examination methods. Research results. According to our data, in recent years, the incidence of diabetes mellitus among the adult population of Astrakhan has more than doubled. Of the 1111 ex-amined patients, 185 were diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus (16,7 %), and the remaining 926 patients were diagnosed with type 2 diabetes (83,3 %). The diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy of vary-ing severity during the examination of patients with diabetes mellitus was established in 77 out of 185 examined patients with diabetes mellitus type 1 (41,6 %) and in 665 out of 926 with diabetes mellitus type 2 (71,8 %). Thus, against the background of an increase in the incidence of diabetes, there is a tendency to reduce the incidence of diabetic retinopathy among the adult population of Astrakhan, which can be explained not only by the widespread use of transretinal laser photocoagulation and vitrectomy, but also by new methods for monitoring blood glucose, hypertension and serum lipids. Conclusion. Diabetic retinopathy is a highly specific vascular complication of both type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. The prevalence of retinopathy is closely related to the duration of diabetes. After 20 years of diabetes, almost all patients with type 1 diabetes and more than 60 % of patients with type 2 diabetes have some degree of retinopathy. The best screening method for diabetic retinopathy is an extended eye examination performed by an ophthalmologist. Modern ophthalmic diagnostic and treatment methods can prevent or delay the onset of diabetic retinopathy, as well as prevent vision loss in a significant proportion of diabetic patients.
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