Analysis of Intensity Errors in OAM Beam via Interval Arithmetic

Recently, electromagnetic vortex waves carrying orbital angular momentum (OAM) arouse extensive attention in remote sensing imaging fields because of its high capacity, which needs to be achieved by multiplexing OAM modes. At present, the common method to generate OAM beams is to employ a uniform circular array (UCA) with specific phase shifts. In the traditional OAM research, it is assumed that the various parameters (circular array radius, vortex phase, etc.) of the OAM system are accurately known. However, the manufacturing error is inevitable in the actual industrial production. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the error of OAM and its effect on the beam, which is of great significance to the practical application of OAM. This paper proposes an OAM intensity error analysis method based on interval analysis (IA). The effectiveness of the method is verified by numerical simulation, and its characteristics and potential are pointed out.