On coupling-related distortion behavior in mm-wave phased arrays

Nonlinear coupling and element pulling can be contributors to distortion behavior in mm-wave phased arrays, particularly as sensitive power stages get closer to the antenna as may be more likely at the highest frequencies. Methods for assessing these behaviors may be of value for development and modeling. This paper will look at an element interrogation approach based on separable asymmetric intermodulation distortion measurements to look at angle, position and coupling dependence. The proposed measurement approach is illustrated with example FR2 and V/E/W-band arrays.