Over Expression of Psoriasin in Middle Ear Cholesteatoma Increases Inflammation, Bone Destruction, and Severity of Disease: Ultrastructural and Molecular Findings

Annals of Otology and Neurotology ISO Vol. 02 Suppl. S1/2019 Results Hematoxylin and eosin-stained tissue sections showed stratified squamous epithelium, keratinous contents, ghost squamous cells, and inflammatory cells. The psoriasin expression in cholesteatoma tissues was significantly higher as compared with posterior superior retraction pocket (PSRP). A Psoriasin expression increases with the severity of the disease. The proinflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and IL-1β) were also upregulated along with VEGF and MMP-9 in cholesteatoma cases compared with control and the expression increased with disease severity. TEM images of ultra-thin sections of the tissues showed strips of stratified squamous epithelium layer along with inflammatory and apoptotic cells. A very unique ultrastructural feature of bacterial localization within the membrane pocket was seen, which gave direct evidence of bacterial infection in the middle ear cholesteatoma. Acknowledgment Authors are thankful to the Electron Microscope Facility for providing an opportunity to conduct ultrastructural analysis, and AIIMS, New Delhi for providing financial (Intramural Research Funding) and all other supports.