Incidence of perforation of gall bladder during laparoscopic cholecystectomy and its associated factors: A cross sectional study in a tertiary care hospital

Background: Present study was done to evaluate the incidence of perforation of gall bladder during laparoscopic cholecystectomy and its associated factors. Material and Methods: This prospective study was conducted in the Department of General Surgery, IGMC, Shimla. 100 consecutive patients of symptomatic gallstones with the documented gallstones undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy between July 2011 to March 2012 were included in the study and a study of gall bladder perforation was done. Results: Majority of patients in this study were females and were in age group of 31- 40 years. . Gall bladder perforation was present in 27.83% of patients. Gall bladder perforation was more common in males and in age group of 61- 70 years. Gall bladder perforation occurred during grasping in 44.4 % patients and during dissection from liver bed in 37.04% patients. Gall bladder perforation was more common in case of distended gallbladder with omental adhesions (9 out of 22 patients) and in patients with partly intrahepatic gallbladder (4 out of 8 patients). Conclusion: Gallbladder perforation is common intra-operative phenomenon, more common in males and in older age group. Perforation is more common in gallbladder having adhesion with omentum and if gallbladder is partly intra-hepatic.