Abnormal collagen fibril structure as studied by electron microscopy

Transmission electron microscopy has emerged as an ideal tool for the study and diagnosis of various disorders that involve collagen, since the information obtained by this technique is at the ultrastructural level. Structural alterations of collagen fibrils brought about by these disorders are discussed. The positive staining pattern of such fibrils is also investigated. In addition, this review describes how quantitative studies of electron-optical images from abnormal collagen fibrils can lead to information about the changes produced by collagen defects which relate to molecular or fibril architecture.