农户支付灌溉用水的意愿:条件估值法的应用,以埃塞俄比亚北谢瓦地区为例

Biruk Kemaw Shenkute, Yitea Seneshaw Getahun, Alebachew Shumye Moges, Mekonnen Aklilu Tesfaye
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摘要

本研究旨在评估农户每年每公顷(0.25 ha)灌溉用水支付意愿(WTOP),并基于条件估值法(CVM)分析农户灌溉用水支付意愿(WTOP)的决定因素。本研究采用半结构化问卷,采用简单随机抽样和目的抽样两阶段抽样技术,从Efratana Gidim和Kewit地区的四个农民协会收集120户家庭的主要数据。辅助数据集是从几个来源收集的。收集的数据使用描述性、推断性和Tobit计量经济模型进行分析。此外,采用看似不相关的双变量probit (SUBP)模型计算IWU的平均WTOP / timad/年。CVM调查显示,从总样本收集的数据来看,80%的家庭对IWU表现出WTOP,而其余20%的家庭没有表现出WTOP。Tobit模型的计量结果显示,农户受教育程度、农户家庭规模、灌溉经验、年总收入和信贷利用对农户WTOP有显著的正向影响,而只有初始投标价格对农户WTOP有显著的负向影响。因此,在设计地区灌溉水相关项目时,应高度重视上述变量。SUBP模型结果显示,该农户年平均WTOP为854.74埃塞比尔/0.25公顷/年。估计IWU的MWTOP是一笔巨款。因此,有关机构必须向家庭收取资金,这些资金必须用于研究地区灌溉系统的发展。这项研究建议,政府的不同利益相关者应合作从当地社区筹集收入,并将其用于理想的社区发展目的,特别是用于加强粮食安全,因为这些地区高度依赖雨养农业。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Rural household's willingness to pay for irrigation water use: An application of contingent valuation method, in the case of North Shewa zone, Ethiopia
This study aimed to evaluate household's willingness to pay (WTOP) for irrigation water use (IWU) per timad (0.25 ha) of the irrigable land per year and to analyze determinants of WTOP for IWU at individual households based on the contingent valuation method (CVM). The primary data collected for this study was from 120 households using two‐stage sampling techniques such as simple random sampling and purposive from four peasant associations of the Efratana Gidim and Kewit districts by semistructured questionnaire. The secondary dataset was collected from several sources. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive, inferential, and Tobit econometric models. In addition, a seemingly unrelated bivariate probit (SUBP) model was applied to calculate the average WTOP for IWU per timad/year. The CVM survey indicated that from the total sample collected data, 80% of the households showed WTOP for IWU, while the remaining 20% did not show WTOP. The econometric result of the Tobit model showed that the education level of the household, household family size, Irrigation experience, total annual income, and credit utilization influenced farmers' WTOP positively and significantly, while only initial bid price affected the farmer negatively and significantly. Hence, the above variables should be given high emphasis in designing irrigation water‐related projects in the districts. The SUBP model result revealed that the household's average annual WTOP was 854.74 Ethiopia Birr/0.25 ha/year. The estimated MWTOP for IWU is a huge amount of money. Hence, the concerned body has to collect money from households, which has to be used in the development of irrigation systems in the study area. This study recommends that different stakeholders of government should collaborate in raising revenue from the local community and apply it for the desired community development purposes, particularly for food security enhancement as the districts are highly dependent on rainfed agriculture.
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