Preliminary analysis on distribution characteristics and risk factors of uric acid in overweight and obese children aged 713 in Tangshan City

Objective To describe the distribution characteristics of uric acid and associated factors among overweight and obese children in Tangshan City, so as to provide reference for the prevention of childhood hyperuricemia and related diseases. Methods A total of 543 overweight and obese school-age children in Tangshan from 2018 to 2019 were selected, 503 children of normal weight were selected as the control group. Height, weight, waist circumference (WC), blood pressure (BP) were measured, then the Body mass index (BMI) and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) were calculated. Uric acid (UA), fasting blood glucose (FPG), total cho- lesterol(TC), triglyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were measured. The distribution characteristics of uric acid level were described by age groups, and the relationship between uric acid and related indicators were analyzed. Results The mean uric acid of normal weight group, overweight and obese group were (278.15±89.68, 322.72±89.50) μmol/L respectively, the difference was statistically significant ( t = -8.04, P <0.01). The detection rates of hyperuricemia in normal weight group, overweight and obesity group were 11.33% and 23.94% respectively, with statistically significant difference (χ 2 = 28.28, P <0.01). UA level was positively correlated with age, BMI, body weight, TC, LDL-C ( r = 0.12, 0.17, 0.28, 0.14, 0.23, P <0.01), and negatively correlated with HDL-C ( r = -0.25, P <0.01). Age, BMI, WHtR, TC, LDL-C were the influencing factors of hyper-uricemia[ OR (95% CI ) = 0.82(0.72-0.94), 1.13 (1.08-1.18), 0.38 (0.23-0.64), 6.79(2.15-21.44), 0.04(0.01-0.14). Conclusion The urea level and high uric acid detection rate of overweight and obese children in Tangshan were higher than those of normal weight children. Age, obesity and dyslipidemia were influencing factors of hyperuricemia in obese and overweight children. 【摘要】 目的 探讨唐山市超重肥胖儿童尿酸分布特征及影响因素, 为预防儿童髙尿酸血症及其相关疾病提供参考。 方法 以 2018—2019 年唐山市 543 名超重、肥胖学龄儿童为研究对象, 选取同期正常体重儿童 503 名为对照组, 测量身髙、 体重、腰围 (waist circumference, WC) 和血压 (BP), 计算体质量指数 (BMI)、腰围身髙比 (waist-to-height ration, WHtR); 留取 血标本测得尿酸 (sernm-uric acid, UA) 、空腹血糖 (fasting blood glucose, FPG)、总胆固醇 (tatal cholesterol, TC)、三酷甘油 (tri- glyceride, TG)、髙密度脂蛋白胆固醇 (high density lipoprotein-cholesterol, HDL-C) 、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇 (low density lipo- rotein-cholesterol, LDL-C)。以年龄分组描述尿酸水平分布特征, 分析尿酸与相关指标的关系。 结果 体重正常组、超重肥 胖组儿童尿酸水平分别为 (278.15±89.68,322.72±89.50) μmol/L, 差异有统计学意义 ( t = -8.04, P <0.01)。体重正常组、超 重肥胖组髙尿酸血症检出率分别为 11.33%, 23.94%, 差异有统计学意义 (χ 2 =28.28, P <0.01)。UA水平与年龄、BMI、体重、 TC、LDL-C 呈正相关 ( r 值分别为 0.12,0.17,0.28,0.14,0.23, P 值均<0.01), 与 HDL-C 呈负相关 ( r =-0.25, P <0.01)。多因 素 Logistic 回归分析显示, 年龄、BMI、WHtR、TC、LDL-C是髙尿酸血症的影响因素 [ OR 值 ( OR 值95% CI ) 分别为 0.82(0.72 ~0.94)、1.13(1.08~ 1.18)、0.38(0.23~0.64)、6.79(2.15~ 21.44)、0.04 (0.01 ~ 0.14)]。 结论 唐山市超重肥胖儿童尿素水 平、髙尿酸检出率髙于体重正常儿童;年龄、肥胖、血脂紊乱是肥胖超重儿童髙尿酸血症的影响因素。