The outcome of arthritis: measures of function, X-rays damage, pain and patients' satisfaction.

The outcome of arthritis has several dimensions. These include mortality, morbidity, radiological measures of joint destruction, pain, and patients' satisfaction with therapy. Functional disability measured by health status questionnaires, is directly associated with long-term outcome and mortality. Long term clinical trials should incorporate functional indices as outcome measures. Studies measuring the outcome of arthritis should define clear end-points involving the determination of functional classes and this will allow standardised and sensitive end points. An example would be the time taken to reach a given functional class or increase from baseline by one functional class. Patients' satisfaction with treatment is a different dimension of response. There are considerable advantages in using an index of patients' satisfaction when determining the therapeutic efficacy in short term clinical trials. It gives a different indication of the response to treatment than conventional clinical and laboratory measures of disease activity. Alleviating pain and preservation of function remain the major therapeutic goals, and both reflect the outcome of arthritis. Outcome measures have shifted from laboratory markers and radiographic techniques to measures of health status, pain, and patients' satisfaction. These should become a routine part of patient assessment.