A Fast Adaptive Multipole Algorithm for Particle Simulations

This paper describes an algorithm for the rapid evaluation of the potential and force fields in systems involving large numbers of particles whose interactions are described by Coulomb's law. Unlike previously published schemes, the algorithm of this paper has an asymptotic CPU time estimate of $O(N)$, where N is the number of particles in the simulation, and does not depend on the statistics of the distribution for its efficient performance. The numerical examples we present indicate that it should be an algorithm of choice in many situations of practical interest.