A Multi-Resonant Microstrip Patch Antenna with Fractal Defected Ground Structure

A microwave component with frequency selective structures enhances many of the antenna parameters gaining popularity among many techniques. A microstrip patch antenna parameter is studied and its performance is compared with defected ground plane. This paper presents a way in which we convert single resonant antenna to a multi-resonant antenna by adding a fractal defect in the ground plane. The number of resonant frequencies depends on the number of iterations of defect structure. Three resonant frequencies of 2.3GHz, 4GHz and 4.2GHz are achieved by considering two iterations in the fractal geometry. The designed antenna yields a peak gain of 3.04695dB. The antenna is validated for impedance matching with a return loss of < −20dB making it very suitable to integrate with other microwave devices. The 10dB return loss bandwidth is 300MHz (3.9GHz to 4.2GHz) and the gain of the antenna is 3.044dBi.