群卫星观测赤道和低纬度等离子体耗竭的经向特征

Shihan Zhang, Yuhua Zou
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引用次数: 0

摘要

赤道和低纬度等离子体消耗是一种重要的空间天气现象,它经常产生严重的电离层闪烁。根据众所周知的赤道和低纬度等离子体消耗的形成机制,即广义瑞利-泰勒(RT)不稳定机制,这些等离子体消耗预计主要发生在夜间,同时出现在北半球和南半球的地磁共轭位置。虽然近年来对赤道和低纬度等离子体消耗的研究较多,但赤道和低纬度等离子体消耗沿地磁子午线方向的变化特征报道较少。在本研究中,我们分析了3颗Swarm卫星在太阳活动高年分月(2014年2月至4月、2014年9月至11月、2015年2月至4月和2015年9月至11月)在55°E-155°E地理经度(GLON)扇区获得的原位电子密度测量数据。我们发现赤道和低纬度等离子体消耗主要发生在夜间,这与广义RT不稳定机制的陈述一致。此外,我们发现赤道和低纬度等离子体耗竭在大多数情况下呈现南北半球对称性。然而,它们有时(发生率约为16-27%)表现出南北半球的不对称性,即仅在北半球或南半球的低纬度地区检测到,这不能用广义的RT不稳定机制来解释。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Meridional Direction Features of Equatorial and Low-Latitude Plasma Depletions Observed by Swarm Satellites
The equatorial and low-latitude plasma depletions is an important space weather phenomenon, which often produce severe ionospheric scintillations. According to the well-known formation mechanism of the equatorial and low-latitude plasma depletions, i.e., the generalized Rayleigh-Taylor (RT) instability mechanism, these plasma depletions are expected to occur mainly at night and appear simultaneously at the geomagnetic conjugate locations in the northern and southern hemisphere. Although many studies on the equatorial and low-latitude plasma depletions have been performed in recent years, there are few reports on the variation features of the equatorial and low-latitude plasma depletions along the geomagnetic meridian direction. In this study, we have analyzed in situ electron density measurements obtained by the three Swarm satellites in the 55°E-155°E geographic longitude (GLON) sector during the equinox months of high solar activity years, i.e., February-April 2014, September-November 2014, February-April 2015, and September-November 2015. We found that the equatorial and low-latitude plasma depletions were observed mainly at night, which are consistent with the statements of the generalized RT instability mechanism. Moreover, we found that in most cases the appearance of the equatorial and low-latitude plasma depletions presented the north-south hemisphere symmetry. However, sometimes (with the occurrence rate of ∼16-27%) they presented the north-south hemisphere asymmetry, namely, they were only detected at the low-latitude region in the northern hemisphere or southern hemisphere, which cannot be explained by the generalized RT instability mechanism.
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