The Technology of Upward Capillary Formation of Waste for Creating a Deposit before Land Reclamation

Mineral resources in the subsoil are classified as exhaustible. One of the ways to potentially replenish the sources of mineral resources is presented in the materials of these studies. In this article, we studied the natural formation in the bowels of the array of zones of high concentrations of compounds of useful components. We aimed to develop the technological methods of mass transfer and directed deposition of useful components. The technological transition of mineral resource extraction from the “gathering” paradigm to the “growing” paradigm is commonly performed by fluid filtration mass transfer in the near-surface region through the capillary system in the subsoil. In this article, we proposed a new technique for the upward capillary movement and extraction of useful components based on the framework of the new paradigm of “deposit growing”. This new approach focused on lifting useful components to the surface of the massif. The experiments and the associated results concerning the mass transfer of water-soluble compounds are presented here. Experiments were conducted on the kinetics and concentrations of fluids and sediments at physical and geochemical barriers. Natural materials of non-ferrous metal enrichment waste and artificial water-soluble compounds of non-ferrous metals were used. The results suggested the viability of the new methods proposed for the ascending filtration capillary rise of useful components present in the fluids. The technological methods presented in this article might help to expand the mineral resource base and increase the efficiency of the process. New processes for the development of new ore bodies on the surface of objects on the evaporation and geochemical barriers were experimentally validated in this article. Additionally, new technological solutions were proposed in the framework of the formation of new ore bodies before surface reclamation.