雅罗斯拉夫尔地区的美国人(19世纪下半叶- 20世纪初)

Petr G. Agrafonov
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引用次数: 0

摘要

本文分析了19世纪下半叶至20世纪初由美国代表撰写并出版的关于雅罗斯拉夫尔地区的材料,包括访问该地区的美国人的个人旅行经历。关于雅罗斯拉夫尔的第一份印刷报告出现在19世纪中期的美洲大陆上。这些出版物在作者的认识程度、来源和风格上各不相同。文章中收集的材料之所以特别有表现力,是因为它们的内容形成了鲜明的对比——从一本保守的信息参考书到一本蜜月日记,再到1917年9月雅罗斯拉夫尔革命前局势的目击者笔记。美国人提供的信息既具有历史意义,又具有文化意义,并从这两个角度进行相互关系分析。值得一提的是,游记不考虑作者文本的个体特征,而是反映了不同文化元素如何相遇,包括教育、艺术、政治、习俗、日常生活习惯等。因此,随着历史方面,所描述的材料作为文化之间接触的手段,这提供了研究不同社会的相互感知的机会。特别注意对所审议的数据进行比较分析。此外,本文还考察了外国人评论中所含信息的社会文化性质,这有助于更深入地研究历史上某一时期的人类活动。因此,文化的多面性交流互动使我们能够更完整、更生动地描绘历史上某一时刻的社会场景。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Americans on the Yaroslavl region (second half of XIX – early XX centuries)
The article analyzes materials about the Yaroslavl region, written by the representatives of the United States and pub-lished in the second half of XIX – early XX centuries, including personal travel experiences of the Americans who visit-ed the region. The first printed reports about Yaroslavl published on the American continent appeared in the middle of the 19th century. These publications differ in the degree of the authors’ awareness, their sources and style. What makes the materials collected in the article especially expressive is the sharp contrast in their content – from a reserved infor-mational reference book to a honeymoon diary and eye-witness notes of the pre-revolutionary situation in Yaroslavl in September 1917. The information provided by the Americans is of historical as well as cultural interest, and is analyzed in the interrelationship of the two perspectives. It is worth mentioning that travel notes, regardless of the individual characteristics of the author's text, are a reflection of how elements of different cultures meet, including education, art, politics, customs, everyday life habits, etc. Consequently, along with the historical aspect, the materials described serve as a means of contact between cultures, which provides opportunities to study the mutual perception of different socie-ties. Particular attention is paid to the comparative analysis of the data under consideration. In addition, the article examines the socio-cultural nature of the information contained in the foreigners' comments, which contributes to a deeper study of human activity at a certain period in history. Consequently, the multifaceted communicative interac-tion of cultures allows for a more complete and vivid characterization of the social scene at a certain point in history.
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