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引用次数: 5
摘要
通过对批判性白人研究、体育研究和男性气质研究的分析,我对两个相互关联的问题提供了一些发展中的解释。首先,体育是如何被用来培养和普及目前困扰美国的原始法西斯白人民族主义项目的。其次,体育是如何促进白人男子气概的无可辩驳和无所不能的表现的产生和普及的,而这种表现似乎是当代美国白人民族主义群体的大众吸引力的核心。为了回答这些问题,我批判性地审视了唐纳德·特朗普(Donald Trump)先是作为候选人,后来成为总统,利用体育来推动他的白人民族主义计划的模式。此外,我批判性地分析了两位白人男性文化人物的作品和表演,他们是特朗普民族主义团体中的关键人物。第一个是理查德·斯宾塞,他创造了“另类右翼”这个标签。第二位是美国国家橄榄球联盟超级巨星汤姆·布雷迪,特朗普喜欢称他为“好朋友”。我认为,和特朗普一样,他们崇拜(在斯宾塞的情况下)和正常化(在布雷迪的情况下)一种理想化的白人男子气概表现,我称之为白人男性无所不能,这是解释特朗普的民族主义计划“让美国再次伟大”(Make America Great Again)对许多焦虑的美国白人的吸引力的关键。
Notes on the uses of sport in Trump’s white nationalist assemblage
Abstract Using conjunctural analysis and informed by insights drawn from critical whiteness studies, sport studies, and masculinity studies, I offer some developing interpretations on two inter-related questions. First, how sport has been used to cultivate and popularize the proto-fascist white nationalist project(s) currently gripping the United States. And second, how sport facilitates the production and popularization of the unapologetic and omnipotent performance of white masculinity that seems central to the popular appeal of this contemporary American white nationalist assemblage. To address these questions, I critically examine the patterned ways Donald Trump, first as candidate and then as President, has used sport to promote his white nationalist project. Additionally, I critically unpack the writings and performances of two white male cultural figures who are key figures within Trump nationalist assemblage. The first, Richard Spencer, coined the label ‘alternative right’. The second, National Football League superstar, Tom Brady, is a man who Trump loves to call a ‘good friend’. I contend that, like Trump, they venerate (in Spencer’s case) and normalize (in Brady’s case) an idealized performance of white masculinity I call white male omnipotence, that is central to explaining the appeal of Trump’s nationalist project to “Make America Great Again” for many anxious white Americans.