乌克兰的住房负担能力问题

Valerii Novikov, Anna Hvelesiani
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引用次数: 1

摘要

本文考虑到评估住房负担能力指标的方法特点,以及军事入侵造成的住房存量损失,专门分析乌克兰及其某些地区的人口住房供应情况。本文的目的是确定住房负担能力指标的方法,评估其战前在乌克兰的趋势;并确定适合现代条件的以租金为基础的提高住房可负担性的体制机制。本研究的新颖之处在于实证了永久性住房租赁机制的使用。这些计划可以在国家和区域两级执行,在公私伙伴关系框架内由投资者和地方自治机构直接参与。本文分析了我国现行住房建设与获取机制的利弊;指出了在当前建筑业和人口福利状况下国家住房政策实施的未来方向和可能的财政机制。研究方法有:相关性、类比性、时间序列分析乌克兰住房负担能力的区域差异。由于需要修复受损和毁坏的住房,住房负担能力变得更加复杂。鉴于目前的情况,确定了旨在使乌克兰公民的住房供应水平更接近欧洲国家指标的生活区委托指标的未来动态。由于缺乏国家一级的官方住房购买估算,因此使用每平方米居住面积的中位数成本与工资中位数的比率作为住房负担能力比率。计算了乌克兰各地区的住房负担能力比率。根据普遍接受的住房市场的可负担性分类标准,在国内购买住房是非常复杂的。住房负担能力指标与居住面积调试指标之间的相关性计算表明,该指标为负,表明为人口提供住房的区域方案严重不令人满意。确定了确保人民住房负担能力和符合住房政策制定战略目标的金融工具的积极和消极特点。提出了租赁作为向人口提供住房的目标载体的财务和组织机制。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Housing Affordability Issues in Ukraine
The article is dedicated to the analysis of population’s housing provision in Ukraine and its certain regions considering the methodological features of assessing housing affordability indicators, as well as the losses in the housing stock as a result of military invasion. The purpose of the paper is the methodological determination of housing affordability indicator, assessment of its pre-war trend in Ukraine; and determination of an acceptable for modern conditions institutional mechanism for improving housing affordability based on the principle of rent. The novelty of the research is the substantiation of use of permanent housing lease mechanism. These schemes can be implemented at the state and regional levels with the direct participation of investors and local self-government bodies within the framework of public-private partnerships. In the paper the pros and cons of the current mechanisms of housing construction and obtaining are identified; prospective directions and possible financial mechanisms for state housing policy implementation in the current condition of construction industry and population welfare are shown. Research methods are the following: correlational, analog, time series for the analysis of regional differentiation of housing affordability in Ukraine. Housing affordability has become much more complicated due to the need to restore damaged and destroyed dwellings. In view of current situation, prospective dynamics of living area commissioning indicator aimed at bringing the level of housing provision of Ukrainian citizens closer to the indicators of European countries was determined. In the absence of official housing purchase estimates at the national level, the ratio of median cost per square meter of living area to the median wage was used as the housing affordability ratio. The housing affordability ratio for the regions of Ukraine was calculated. According to the generally accepted classification of housing markets by affordability criterion, the purchase of housing in the country is significantly complicated. The correlation between the housing affordability indicator and the living area commissioning indicator was calculated, which was negative and indicated that the regional programs for providing the population with housing are critically unsatisfactory. The positive and negative features of the financial instruments for ensuring the housing affordability for the population and their compliance with the strategic goals of the housing policy development were determined. The financial and organizational mechanism of lease as a target vector for providing the population with housing was proposed.
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