动物死亡

J. Johnston, Fiona Probyn-Rapsey
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引用次数: 7

摘要

动物死亡是一个复杂、不舒服、压抑、激励和敏感的话题。对于那些参与人类-动物研究的学者来说,无论是历史的、考古的、社会的、哲学的还是文化的研究,“生命”的概念都是他们开始研究的基础。这是一个难以面对的主题,但是,正如我们希望这本书所展示的那样,它是人与动物关系和人与动物研究奖学金的核心之一。动物死亡的规模之大令人难以置信。统计数据很容易得到,而且这种说法太熟悉了:“动物灭绝了。他们也被杀害,毒气,电刑,灭绝,狩猎,屠宰,活体解剖,射击,困住,诱捕,碾过,致命注射,扑杀,牺牲,屠杀,处决,安乐死,摧毁,放置,睡眠,甚至,也许,谋杀”(动物研究小组,2006,3)。这并不是说我们不知道发生了什么(如果我们愿意看的话,信息是可用的),但许多人不“关心知道”斯坦利·科恩使用这个短语的意义。对科恩来说,关心知道是知识加上对知识的道德和伦理后果的承认(2001)。虽然杀害动物是“人类行为的一个决定性方面”(动物研究小组2006,8),但了解动物死亡是如何面对的,不
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Animal Death
Animal death is a complex, uncomfortable, depressing, motivating and sensitive topic. For those scholars participating in human–animal studies, it is – accompanied by the concept of ‘life’ – the ground upon which their studies commence, whether those studies are historical, archaeological, social, philosophical or cultural. It is a tough subject to face, but, as we hope this volume demonstrates, one at the heart of human–animal relations and auman–animal studies scholarship. The sheer scale of animal death is mind-boggling. The statistics are easily accessible and the rhetoric all too familiar: ‘Animals become extinct. They are also killed, gassed, electrocuted, exterminated, hunted, butchered, vivisected, shot, trapped, snared, run over, lethally injected, culled, sacrificed, slaughtered, executed, euthanized, destroyed, put down, put to sleep, and even, perhaps, murdered’ (Animal Studies Group 2006, 3). It is not that we do not know what is going on (the information is available if we care to look), but that many do not ‘care to know’ in the sense that Stanley Cohen uses that phrase. For Cohen, caring to know is knowledge plus acknowledgment of the moral and ethical consequences of that knowledge (2001). While killing animals is a ‘defining aspect of human behavior’ (Animal Studies Group 2006, 8), understanding the ways in which animal deaths are faced up to, ob-
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