有问题的社会学习

G. Schoenebeck, Shih-Tang Su, V. Subramanian
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引用次数: 7

摘要

在社会网络中,代理使用来自(a)他们拥有的私有信号(知识)的信息,(b)学习过去的代理行为(观察),以及(c)来自可接触的经验丰富的代理(专家)的评论来指导他们自己的决策。在完全可观察历史和信号有界似然比的情况下,当智能体在观察历史后忽略自己的私有信号进行决策时,信息级联几乎肯定会发生。虽然对个人来说是最优的,但这可能会导致社会上的次优结果。研究社会学习(即做出社会最优决策)的文献主要集中在通过放宽有界信号强度的假设或允许历史的扭曲,将上述(a)和(b)通道用于贝叶斯理性智能体。在这项工作中,我们启用了有限的通信能力,让贝叶斯理性代理查询他们的前辈,受到人们在做出决定之前通常咨询几个朋友的现实世界行为的激励。我们允许每个贝叶斯理性智能体在前代智能体的子集中向每个智能体提出一个单独的、私有的、有限容量(用于响应)的问题。请注意,MAP规则仍然是最优的,并且将被每个代理用于其决策。有了被赋予的沟通能力,我们想回答以下两个问题:1)什么是合适的框架来建模问题对信息聚合提供的帮助?2)我们能否构建一组问题,通过查询具有最小容量需求(以位为单位)的最小代理集来实现学习?
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Social learning with questions
In social networks, agents use information from (a) private signals (knowledge) they have, (b) learning past agents actions (observations), and (c) comments from contactable experienced agents (experts) to guide their own decisions. With fully observable history and bounded likelihood ratio of signal, Information Cascade occurs almost surely when it is optimal for agents to ignore their private signals for decision making after observing the history. Though individually optimal, this may lead to a socially sub-optimal outcome. Literature studying social learning, i.e., making socially optimal decisions, is mainly focused on using channels (a) and (b) above for Bayes-rational agents by either relaxing the assumption of bounded signal strength or allowing the distortion of the history. In this work, we enable a limited communication capacity to let Bayes-rational agents querying their predecessors, motivated by the real-world behavior that people usually consult several friends before making decisions. We allow each Bayes-rational agent to ask a single, private and finite-capacity (for response) question of each among a subset of predecessors. Note that the Maximum Aposteriori Probability (MAP) rule is still individually optimally and will be used by each agent for her decision. With an endowed communication capacity, we want to answer the following two questions: 1) What is the suitable framework to model the help that questions provide on information aggregation? 2) Can we construct a set of questions that will achieve learning by querying the minimum set of agents with the minimum capacity requirements (in terms of bits)?
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