LAL非内毒素反应性-令人惊讶的非特异性

K. Williams
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引用次数: 0

摘要

自然界大量产生各种各样的分子。这是一件好事,然而,在内毒素检测中,对分析试验的要求是“特异性”。不幸的是,自从开始使用LAL代替兔热原试验以来,人们发现LAL越来越不具有特异性。幸运的是,在使用基于limus的非内毒素反应性物质假反应性存在问题的测试方面,有可行的解决方案。在分析测试中,就像在后生动物对潜在微生物入侵者的免疫检测中一样,环境就是一切。产生LAL的马蹄蟹在充满革兰氏阴性菌(GNB)的海滩界面上游泳和爬行,据估计,革兰氏阴性菌的含量超过10 26 cfu /mL。在这种情况下,鲎血淋巴对GNB的极度敏感性经过了千万年的进化。然而,它也发展到检测许多与海洋/海岸范例相关的其他物质。这尤其包括来自真菌和藻类/地衣的葡聚糖(也广泛存在于陆生植物中),以及作为微生物糖的纤维素和甘露聚糖。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
LAL Non-Endotoxin Reactivity - Surprisingly Non-specific
Nature abounds in producing a variety of molecules. This is a good thing, however, in endotoxin detection a requirement for an analytical assay is “specificity”. Unfortunately, LAL has been found to be increasingly non-specific since the inception of its use in lieu of the rabbit pyrogen test. Fortunately, there are viable workarounds in terms of using Limulus-based testing where non-endotoxin reactive substance false-reactivity is problematic. In analytical testing, just as in metazoan immune detection of potential microbial invaders, context is everything. The horseshoe crab from which LAL is derived swims and crawls on a beach interface that teems with Gram Negative bacteria (GNB), estimated by some at over 10⁶ CFUs/mL. In this context, the extreme sensitivity of Limulus hemolymph to GNB evolved over the eons. However, it also evolved to detect many other substances relevant to the sea/shore paradigm. This includes especially glucans from fungi and algae/lichens (also widely found in terrestrial plants) and also cellulose and mannans as microbial sugars.
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