印度非正规部门的弱势女性就业

N. Ngozi, Yasmeen Sultana, Abdul Jamal, M. Nazeer, A. Sankaran
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引用次数: 3

摘要

本研究使用1991年至2017年的季度数据,并结合描述性和计量经济学分析(两阶段最小二乘工具变量技术),研究了印度非正规部门的女性弱势就业及其对经济增长的影响。从描述性分析中,一些令人信服的发现是:(1)较大比例的女性从事弱势就业;(2)相对于工业和服务部门,印度女性就业主要集中在农业部门;(3)较大比例的女性是个体经营者;(4)越来越多的女性作为经济支柱为家庭收入做出贡献;(5)印度女性从事弱势就业的比例在整个亚洲是最高的,在南联盟国家中仅次于尼泊尔。(6)印度弱势就业妇女的比例超过了本地区平均水平69.6%,是东亚43.8%的两倍,是西亚17.5%的五倍。这些统计数据证实,印度大多数妇女从事的是弱势就业。同样,计量经济学模拟的结果表明:(1)弱势就业女性人数的增加抑制了经济增长,(2)农业部门女性就业人数的增加显著降低了经济增长,而(3)工业和服务业女性就业人数的增加显著刺激了经济增长。讨论了政策结果。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Female Vulnerable Employment in India's Informal Sector
This study examines female vulnerable employment in India’s informal sector and the impact on economic growth using quarterly data from 1991 to 2017 and a blend of descriptive and econometric analyses (the twostage least squares instrumental variables technique). From the descriptive analysis, some of the compelling findings are: (1) larger percentage of female are engaged in vulnerable employment, (2) India's female employment is largely concentrated in the agricultural sector relative to the industrial and services sectors, (3) a larger proportion are self-employed, (4) a growing percentage contribute to the family income as breadwinners, (5) India has the highest percentage of female in vulnerable employment in the whole of Asia and second to Nepal among SAARC countries, and (6) India’s percentage of women in vulnerable employment towers its own regional average of 69.6 percent , it is twice that of East Asia at 43.8 percent and five times that of Western Asia at 17.5 percent . These statistics affirm that most women in India are engaged in vulnerable employment. Likewise, results from econometric simulations suggest that (1) increasing the number of female in vulnerable employment stifles economic growth, (2) increasing female employment in the agricultural sector significantly reduces economic growth, while (3) increase in female employment in both industrial and services sectors stimulate economic growth significantly. Policy outcomes are discussed.
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