飞行管理系统分离保证和碰撞避免的统一方法

S. Ramasamy, R. Sabatini, A. Gardi
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引用次数: 9

摘要

在下一代飞行管理系统(NG-FMS)中引入用于分离保证和避免碰撞的专用软件功能,有可能在无人机系统(UAS)交通管理(UTM)操作环境中取得重大进展。在本文中,NG-FMS架构的关键要素提出了允许规划和优化四维轨迹。NG-FMS被设计为与未来地面4DT规划、协商和验证(4-PNV)系统完全互操作,实现自动轨迹/基于意图的操作(TBO/IBO)。本文通过实施合适的硬件和软件(数据融合)技术来实现协作和非协作分离保证和避免碰撞任务,解决了在非隔离空域集成无人机系统的关键技术挑战之一。提供最可靠的分离维护和避碰解决方案的传感器/系统是自动选择的,这种方法在所有飞行阶段都提供了鲁棒性,支持全天候和可信的自主操作。给出了协作与非协作分离保证和碰撞避免场景统一方法的数学算法。在该方法中,影响主机平台和入侵传感器测量的导航和跟踪误差被转换为统一的距离和方位不确定性描述符。提出了包括动态地理围栏等UTM元素在内的仿真案例研究,结果证实了分离保证和碰撞避免算法在考虑任务和安全关键任务中的有效性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
A unified approach to separation assurance and collision avoidance for flight management systems
The introduction of dedicated software functions for separation assurance and collision avoidance in Next Generation Flight Management Systems (NG-FMS) has the potential to enable significant advances in the Unmanned Aircraft System (UAS) Traffic Management (UTM) operational context. In this paper, key elements of the NG-FMS architecture are presented that allow planning and optimisation of 4-dimensional trajectories. The NG-FMS is designed to be fully interoperable with a future ground based 4DT Planning, Negotiation and Validation (4-PNV) system, enabling automated Trajectory/Intent-Based Operations (TBO/IBO). This paper addresses one of the key technological challenges for integrating UAS in non-segregated airspace by implementing suitable hardware and software (data fusion) techniques for cooperative and non-cooperative separation assurance and collision avoidance tasks. The sensor/system providing the most reliable separation maintenance and collision avoidance solution is automatically selected and this approach provides robustness in all flight phases supporting all-weather and trusted autonomous operations. The mathematical algorithms employed in the unified approach to cooperative and non-cooperative separation assurance and collision avoidance scenarios are presented. In this method, navigation and tracking errors affecting the host platform and intruder sensor measurements are translated to unified range and bearing uncertainty descriptors. Simulation case studies are presented, including UTM elements such as dynamic geo-fencing, and the results corroborate the validity of separation assurance and collision avoidance algorithms for the considered mission- and safety-critical tasks.
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