M. J. Barrett, Viktoria Hinz, V. Wijngaarden, Marie Lovrod
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引用次数: 4
摘要
人类和其他物种之间的直觉交流构成了一种物种间交流的形式,随着时间的推移和文化的跨越,这种交流已经被广泛体验和实践。然而,考虑到知识和物种等级的复杂地形,以及人类和其他生物之间普遍存在的、社会建构的隔离,学术界对它的吸收一直很慢。人类中心主义(以人类为中心)和人类例外主义(基于所谓的优越特征而将人类置于其他动物之上)(安德森,2014)都强化了这种不准确的工具主义定位,阻碍了物种间的认知正义。为了尊重超越人类的动物作为研究对象,研究动物地理学的学者们,以及来自但不限于环境教育、土著研究、人类学、女权主义批判动物、跨物种、多物种和人类-动物研究等领域的同事们,正在寻求将动物的声音融入他们的研究、教育实践和日常生活的方法(Bear, 2017;Blenkinsop et al., 2017;布勒,2015;Deloria, 2006;Dowling et al., 2016;福塞特,2000;吉布斯,2019;汉密尔顿和泰勒,2017;Haraway, 2004,2008;McGinnis等人,2019;Taylor and Hamilton, 2014)。对于许多动物研究学者来说,目标是实现“共同存在的肖像”(Lorimer, 2010: 73)和共同成为(Haraway, 2008),而不会无意中导致对非人类的压迫(Anderson, 2014)。中心
Speaking with other animals through intuitive interspecies communication: towards cognitive and interspecies justice
Intuitive exchanges between humans and other species constitute a form of interspecies communication that has been experienced and practised widely over time and across cultures. Yet its uptake in academe has been slow, given the tricky terrain of knowledge and species hierarchies, together with a pervasive, socially constructed separation between humans and other beings. Anthropocentrism (human-centredness) and human exceptionalism (the valuing of humans above other animals1 based on purportedly superior traits) (Anderson, 2014) both reinforce this inaccurate and instrumentalist positioning, thwarting cognitive justice across species. In efforts to respect more-than-human animals as subjects, scholars studying animal geographies, together with colleagues from fields such as, but not limited to, environmental education, Indigenous studies, anthropology, feminist critical animal, trans-species, multispecies and human–animal studies, are seeking ways to engage animal voices in their research, educational practices and everyday lives (Bear, 2017; Blenkinsop et al., 2017; Buller, 2015; Deloria, 2006; Dowling et al., 2016; Fawcett, 2000; Gibbs, 2019; Hamilton and Taylor, 2017; Haraway, 2004, 2008; McGinnis et al., 2019; Taylor and Hamilton, 2014). For many animal studies scholars, the aim is to achieve ‘a portrait of shared existence’ (Lorimer, 2010: 73) and co-becoming (Haraway, 2008) that does not contribute unwittingly to the oppression of non-human beings (Anderson, 2014). Central to