PREVALÊNCIA DAS COMPLICAÇÕES NO TRANSPLANTE DE CÉLULAS-TRONCO HEMA-TOPOÉTICAS (TCTH): UMA REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA

Objective: To know the main complications arising from hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Methods: This is a quantitative, retrospective and documentary study on the main complications of HSCT through a systematic review of articles published between 2015 and 2020. For this purpose, search was carried out in the Google Scholar, PubMed Central databases ® (PMC) and Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) using the descriptors “complications” and “hematopoietic stem cell transplantation” and the Boolean operator “AND”. Results: 13,518 cases of HSCT were evaluated, with 24 (57.1%) articles studying only cases of allogeneic HSCT, while 11 (26.2%) analyzed allogeneic and autologous HSCT. The main complications were infection, graft versus host disease (GvHD), death and pulmonary and neurological complications. Less frequently, complications such as diarrhea, nausea and vomiting, severe mucosal ulcers, fatigue, grafting failure and others were reported. Conclusions: HSCT is a recent therapy that presents a high risk of morbidity and mortality due to its complications, with emphasis on graft disease against the host due to its high frequency and fatality.