气候的必要性

Julia M. Puaschunder
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引用次数: 23

摘要

气候变化已经成为现实。气候稳定是最具挑战性的全球治理目标。在当代许多关于全球变暖的著作中,讨论都集中在气候变化的负面影响上。气候变化的负担已经成为主题,成本分担战略也受到了热烈讨论。人们认为,公平分担气候变化的负担需要考虑到国家经济、世界社会,但也要考虑到世代之间的平衡。最近发现全球变暖的地球具有优势(Puaschunder, 2017a, b)。基于最先进的福利函数测量和经济生产率参数,最近捕获了地球变暖带来的经济收益和生产率效益(Puaschunder, 2017a, b)。当代国内生产总值(GDP)测量是估计全球变暖的农业、工业和服务业生产率的基础。结果自然地为气候命令建立了知识基础——倡导在各国之间公平分配全球地球利益的必要性,这是基于康德(1983/1993)的命令,即只参与一个人想要体验自己对自己所做的事情。被动忽视气候减缓行动被认为是对他人的主动不公正。因此,对减缓全球变暖持被动态度或不知道从地球变暖中获益的国家,应该有义务为那些直接受到气候变化负面影响的国家提供国际援助资金——例如,自动向气候难民提供庇护。此外,在普通法和国际法的基础上,那些拥有更好的保护或养护共同气候手段的国家也应该承担更大的保护地球的责任(Puaschunder, 2016)。所有这些努力都应该缓解当前的全球治理困境,这种困境似乎使今天的一代人与未来的世界居民在经济增长与可持续性之间进行权衡。提出相应的政策建议和激励措施,以便在全球范围内为更广泛的气候变化社区传播预期的全球变暖收益,并随着时间的推移,旨在确保气候变化的共同利益以经济上有效、法律上合理、道德上公平且实际上可行的方式惠及全球所有当代和未来的世界居民。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The Climatorial Imperative
Climate change has become reality. Climate stability accounts for the most challenging global governance goal. In the very many contemporary writings about global warming, the discussion has been centred around the negative impacts of climate change. The burden of climate change has been thematised and cost-sharing strategies heatedly debated. The need for fairness in sharing the burden of climate change has been argued to consider national economies, the world society but also balance inbetween generations. A warming global earth was recently revealed to hold advantages (Puaschunder, 2017a, b). Based on state-of-the-art welfare function measurements and economic productivity parameters, the economic gains and productivity-efficiency benefits from a warming earth were recently captured (Puaschunder, 2017a, b). Contemporary Gross Domestic Product (GDP) measurements served as basis for estimations about the productivity of the agriculture, industry and service sectors around the warming globe. Results naturally build the intellectual basis for the climatorial imperative – advocating for the need for fairness in the distribution of the global earth benefits among nations based on Kant’s (1983/1993) imperative to only engage in actions one wants to experience themselves being done to oneself. Passive neglect of action on climate mitigation is argued as an active injustice to others. Countries passive or agnostic about global warming mitigation that reap benefits from a warming earth should therefore be obliged to finance international aid for those that are directly and negatively impacted by climate change – for instance, grant automatic asylum to climate refugees. In addition, building on common and international law, those countries that have better means of protection or conservation of the common climate should also face a greater responsibility to protect the earth (Puaschunder, 2016). All these efforts should alleviate the contemporary global governance predicament that seems to pit today’s generation against future world inhabitants in a trade-off of economic growth versus sustainability. Deriving respective policy recommendations and incentives to spread the prospective global warming gains for the wider climate change community around the globe and over time is aimed at ensuring that the shared benefits of climate change reach all contemporary and future world inhabitants around the globe in an economically efficient, legally sound and ethically equitable but also practically feasible way.
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