乌克兰的亲欧倾向:乌克兰的农业政策适应欧盟的条件和要求

N. Davydenko, О. Lemishko
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引用次数: 4

摘要

本文提出乌克兰农业政策应适应欧盟的条件和要求。据透露,乌克兰在2014年至2017年期间稳定的GDP增长是由经济的农业部门提供的:2017年其在该国GDP形成中的份额为17%。分析了政府支持农业的价值动态和结构比例,结果表明,2007年至2017年期间,用于实施政府支持农业措施的财政资源实际为计划的86.5%。本文证明了国家支持有效性的界定标准是农业宏观经济指标的稳定增长。对国家支持有效性的诊断表明,由于2007年至2017年期间农业生产总值的增长动态不稳定,财政政策等国家政策工具并没有促进农产品生产的稳定增长。在本文中,作者确定了乌克兰在农业部门的社会发展指标上明显落后于欧盟国家的主要原因。已经确定,欧盟在市场社会导向经济的运作和国家对经济进程的调节方面的经验对于乌克兰农业部门的运作是必要的。拟议的决定是根据欧盟立法的要求,对发展农业经济部门的国家政策进行根本性改革,使国家农业政策及其制度规定现代化;农业部门发展的经济模式应从原材料出口转向刺激农产品出口的模式;在乌克兰农业适应欧盟预算要求的时期,对农业的支持必须从国内生产总值的1.0%改为3.0%。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Pro-European orientation of Ukraine: adaptation of the agricultural policy of Ukraine to the conditions and requirements of the European Union
This paper provides adaptation of the agricultural policy of Ukraine to the conditions and requirements of the EU. It was revealed that sTable GDP growth of Ukraine in the period from 2014 to 2017 was provided by the agricultural sector of the economy: in 2017 its share in the formation of the country's GDP was 17 %. The dynamics of values and structural proportions of governmental support of agriculture was analysed, which showed that for the period of 2007 2017 the actual amount of financial resources aimed at implementation of governmental supportive measures of agriculture was 86.5 % of the planned. The paper proves that the defining criterion for the effectiveness of state support is the sTable growth of the macroeconomic indicators of the agricultural sector. Diagnostics of the effectiveness of state support shows that the state policy instruments of the financial policy did not contribute to a sTable increase in the production of agricultural products, as the dynamics of the growth of gross agricultural production for the period of 2007 2017 was not stable. In this paper the authors determined the main reasons of Ukraine's considerable lag from EU countries on social development indices in the agricultural sector. It was established that the EU experience on functioning of market socially oriented economy and state regulation of economic processes is necessary to extrapolate on functioning of agricultural sector of Ukraine. The proposed decision is to develop fundamental reforms of the State policy on development of agricultural sector of economy, to modernize the State agricultural policy and its institutional provision in accordance with the requirements of EU legislation; Economic model of agricultural sector development should be reoriented from export of raw materials on model of stimulation of the export of produced agricultural products; in the period of adaptation of agriculture of Ukraine to the requirements of EU budgetary support of agriculture must be changed from 1.0 % to 3.0 % of gross domestic product of the country.
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